Cells! http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gFuEo2ccTPA -- Introduction (Click here) Amoeba Proteus Plant Stem Red Blood Cell Bacteria

The Animal Cell

The Plant Cell http://waynesword.palomar.edu/images/plant3.gif

Prokaryotic Cells NO NUCLEUS!!! First cell type on earth Example: Bacteria!

Eukaryotic Have a NUCLEUS and membrane-bound organelles---include most living things Plant Animal http://library.thinkquest.org/C004535/eukaryotic_cells.html

Cells Smallest living unit Most are microscopic

Principles of Cell Theory 1. All living things are made of cells 2. Smallest living unit of structure and function of all organisms is the cell 3. All cells arise from preexisting cells

Discovery of Cells Robert Hooke (1665)- coined the word “cells” Observed sliver of cork Saw “row of empty boxes” He named these empty boxes CELLS!

Cell theory (1839)Theodor Schwann & Matthias Schleiden “ all (living things) are made of cells” -Schwann (animal); Schleiden (plants) (50 yrs. later) Rudolf Virchow “all cells come from cells”

The Microscope Microbe Man! Anton van Leeuwenhoek (1674) Introduced the world to microbes. Observed tiny organisms in pond water. Made books with sketches and descriptions Built over 200 microscopes! (Hans and Janssen invented it though in the 1590’s)

Cell Membrane Function: controls what goes in and out of the cell. Analogy: like a bouncer at a club because a bouncer controls who can come in. In BOTH plant and animal!!

Cytoplasm Function: a jelly-like substance that holds organelles in place Analogy: like a jello fruit cup because the jello holds the fruit in place just like the cytoplasm does for the organelles! In BOTH**

Nucleus Function: controls the cell’s activities Analogy: like a president because a president controls what goes on in a country. Both

Ribosome Function: Makes proteins Analogy: like Kentucky Fried Chicken because KFC makes protein (chicken)! BBoth

Lysosome Function: the cells stomach; breaks down food and cell parts Analogy: like a car crusher because car crushers breaks down cars OR like a stomach Only in Animal Cells

Endoplasmic Reticulum Function: moves proteins around the cell *Rough ER: Has ribosomes on it! *Smooth ER: No ribosomes. Analogy: it’s like a train because trains move things from place to place or like UPS **In BOTH

Golgi Apparatus Function: storing & packing proteins Analogy: like a packer because a packer will pack up your things and store them in a safe place. **In Both

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Chromosomes Function: contains genetic DNA that is passed on Analogy: like a drivers license or social security card because they both carry important information about you! In Both

Mitochondria Function: Provides energy. Powerhouse of the cell!!! Analogy: like a power plant because it gives energy to the rest of the cell. **Both**

Choloroplast Function: takes solar energy ad turns it into chemical energy Analogy: like a solar panel because a solar panel takes solar energy and turns it into electrical energy. ONLY IN PLANTS!

Cell Wall Function: supports and protects cell; in plants only Freely permeable *Why is the cell wall important? * Only in plants

Vacuole Function: Store nutrients and water Analogy: like a water balloon because it can hold water until you need to use it! **In Both but a LARGE vacuole is ONLY in plants Plant Cell Animal Cell

Large Vacuole—PLANTS ONLY!

Cytoskeleton Function: Provides shape and support for the cell. It’s the ‘skeleton’. Analogy: It’s like our skeleton because our skeleton gives us support and shape. ***Both***

Flagella Flagella / Cilia Function: cell movement. Cilia on a Paramecium Function: cell movement. *In Animal and prokaryotic cells* Flagella

Interactive cells! http://learn.genetics.utah.edu/content/begin/cells/insideacell/