Unit 6

地震名词 earthquake 地震 shake 震动 ; 摇晃 tremor 颤动 ; 震动 temblor [ 美语 ] 地震 hit 袭击、打击，使遭受 strike 突然发生 ; 打击 jolt 使颠簸，摇晃 rock 摇，摇动，使振动 roll across 波动，起伏，横摇 rip through 裂开，破开 ; 突进， 横撞直闯 damage 损害 ; 损伤 destroy 毁坏，破坏 ; 摧 残 shatter 破坏 ; 捣毁 ; 破 灭 devastate 蹂躏，破坏 ; 使荒废 ; 毁灭 level 推倒，夷平 flatten 夷为平地

地震名词 seismological 地震学上的 seismology 地震学 seismograph 地震仪 seismographer 地震学家 aftershock 余震 smaller tremors 小地震 epicenter 震中 magnitude 震级 Richter Scale(1-10) 里氏震级 at a scale of 7.8 on the Richter calculations 里氏 7.8 级地震 earthquake monitoring 地震监控 tsunami 海啸 rock and mud slides 泥石流 tsunami warning system 海啸 预警系统 tidal waves 潮汐波，浪潮 natural disaster 自然灾害 tragedy 灾难 wreckage 残骸 death toll 死亡人数 survivors 幸存者 victims 受灾者

Pre--reading activities: 1. Have you ever experienced any natural disasters? Can you tell some kind of natural disasters? volcano( 火山 ) sandstorm ( 沙尘暴 )

earthquake drought( 旱灾 ) tsunami ( 海啸 )

2. Look at the pictures of Wenchuan,Tangshan and San Francisco, describe what happened in the three cities?

Wenchuan,Sichuan May 12th, 2008

Tangshan, HebeiJuly 28 th, 1976

5:13 a.m. April 18th,1906, San Francisco

1.Please look at the pictures and try to tell How people predict earthquakes traditionally in China? keykey 3.How should we prepare for earthquakes?How should we prepare for earthquakes? 2. Have you ever been in an earthquake? What do you think you would do first if the room started to shake? Presentation:

signs of an earthquake.

井水是个宝， 前兆来得早。 无雨水质浑，天旱井水冒。 水位变化大， 翻花冒气泡。 有的变颜色， 有的变味道。 骡马牛羊不进圈，鸭不下水狗狂叫。 老鼠搬家往外逃，鸽子惊飞不回巢。 冰天雪地蛇出洞， 鱼儿惊惶水面跳。

Walls of wells will have deep cracks. There will be bright light in the sky; Cows, dogs and pigs become too nervous to eat; Mice run out of the fields looking for places to hide. The water in the wells will rise and fall.

What do you think you would do first if the room started to shake? To my knowledge,the moment you realize you are confronted with an earthquake,you must keep cool and avoid being seized with panic. It is foolish of you to run aimlessly or to jump from your building. The best way of saving yourself is to take shelter where you are. 1) If you are in class, take shelter under a desk, shielding your eyes with one hand from the flying fragments of broken class. 2) If you are in a building, resort to narrow rooms, like kitchens, rest rooms,bathrooms, or the staircase rooms,for protection.

What do you think you would do first if the room started to shake? 3) If you are in a single-story house, run as far away from the house and other structures as possible when there is enough time for you to do so and when you can still keep your balance; otherwise, shield yourself under a bed/in a corner or attach yourself to a pillar/other concrete structures, covering your mouth and nose with a towel. 4) If you are in a workshop, cut off the electricity or the explosive/inflammable gas supplies first and then take shelter under a big machine. In the Tangshan earthquake, for example, all 30 workers in a weaving workshop survived the quake in this way except one, who was killed when running out of the building.

How should we prepare for earthquakes? Since earthquakes occur at any time without fore- warning signs, we should prepare for them as follows: 1) Regularly check and reinforce our houses, place heavy things in low positions, attach cupboards and cabinets to walls. 2) Keep in place survival supplies such as water, food, a radio receiver, a torch, extra batteries, a first-aid box, some rope and some warm clothing. 3) Arrange an auxiliary cooking and heating source; keep a fire extinguisher, a pair of heavy boots, and other proper tools to turn off gas and water supplies. 4) Make arrangements in case of an earthquake for family members to save and support themselves.

Discussion: Imagine there is an earthquake now, your home begins to shake and you must leave it right away. You have time to take only one thing. What will you take? Why?

personal washing things a bottle of water money torch ( 手电筒 ) mobile phone food and sweets blanket ( 毯子 ) What will you take with you? medicine You will take:

HOMEWORK : How can we reduce the damage of earthquakes?