The Cold War Part II

JFK John F. Kennedy is elected president in 1960 – Senator from Massachusetts Youngest and glamorous Wife was Jackie, children Caroline and John-John – Jackie set fashions for the time Popularity ratings as high as 77% Strong supporter of Civil Rights Movement, Space Program, Youth Programs (Peace Corps)

John F. Kennedy’s Inaugural Address

Cuba Fidel Castro, a communist revolutionary, comes to power in 1959 and nationalizes Cuba Castro’s government is embraced by the USSR and put under a trade embargo by the United States Several CIA campaigns are launched to try to overthrow Castro’s government – none are successful

Bay of Pigs CIA agents secretly trained exiled Cubans to invade Cuba and overthrow Castro American bombers led the way disguised as Cuban air force Plans were discovered and Kennedy abandoned the plan for further attack Exiled Cuban forces were left to fend for themselves and were soon captured and executed

Cuban Missile Crisis USSR built missile silos in Cuba and began stocking them with nuclear warheads – Enabled surprise Soviet attack less than 100 miles from the coast of the US Silos discovered by US reconnaissance planes US navy attempted to stop and search all ships headed for Cuba to prevent further build-up Kennedy announced the plans on television – Wave of panic swept through the United States Krushchev (Soviet leader) agreed to turn back the ships and disarm Cuba if the US promised to never invade the island

Space Race Both the US and the USSR developed nuclear weapons People built bomb shelters as both nations worried about nuclear war October 4, 1957: Soviets launch Sputnik, the world’s first satellite In 1961, the Soviets were first to launch a man in to space On July 20, 1969, the US would finally pull ahead in the space race by being the first to land on the moon (Neil Armstrong)

Apollo 11: United States lands on the moon Moonwalk Broadcast

Kennedy Assassination Kennedy went to Dallas,TX to rally support for the Democratic Party Had concerns about anti-Kennedy citizens in TX, but did not take all security precautions Shot while riding in a motorcade parade, Nov. 22, 1963

Kennedy Assassination, con’t Shot by a lone assassin, Lee Harvey Oswald, who had communist sympathies Lee Harvey Oswald murdered two days later outside police headquarters by Jack Ruby (Who owned a Dallas nightclub with mafia connections) Assassination investigated by a Congressional committee who produced the Warren Report, concluding that Oswald had acted alone Nation mourned with a massive state funeral that copied the one held for Lincoln

Dealey Plaza, Dallas TX

Kennedy Assassination and Funeral Zapruder film

Lyndon B. Johnson Sworn in as President on Air Force One in Dallas

Questions 1. Explain the statement “Ask not what your country can do for you, ask what you can do for your country.” How does this statement inspire young people in the early 1960s? 2. Who is Fidel Castro? What form of government did he bring to Cuba? What country was his main ally? 3. Explain the events of the Bay of Pigs. Why is this event significant? 4. Explain the events of the Cuban Missile Crisis. Why is this event significant? 5. List three programs supported by President Kennedy. 6. What is the Space Race? Who won the race? When? 7. Explain the events surrounding the Kennedy assassination. What happened? Where did it happen? Who was involved? 8. What is the Warren Report? What did it conclude?