Topic : Ebola Fever Name : Muhammad Habib Bin Ismail Period : 3rd H/R : A642

What is Ebola Fever Disease ? ● Ebola hemorrhagic fever (Ebola HF) is a severe, often-fatal disease in humans and nonhuman primates (monkeys, gorillas, and chimpanzees) that has appeared sporadically since its initial recognition in 1976.

What is the Vector that transmits the disease ? ● A vector-borne disease is one in which the pathogenic microorganism is transmitted from an infected individual to another individual by an arthropod or other agent, sometimes with other animals serving as intermediary hosts. The transmission depends upon the attributes and requirements of at least three different living organisms: the pathologic agent, either a virus, protozoa, bacteria, or helminth (worm); the vector, which are commonly arthropods such as ticks or mosquitoes; and the human host

How is it transmitted from animal to human ? ● Ebola virus hemorrhagic fever is a zoonotic disease transmitted to humans by direct contact with infected live or dead animals, and more specifically with their body fluid.

What are early symptoms of the Ebola Fever ? ● The incubation period for Ebola HF ranges from 2 to 21 days. The onset of illness is abrupt and is characterized by fever, headache, joint and muscle aches, sore throat, and weakness, followed by diarrhea, vomiting, and stomach pain. A rash, red eyes, hiccups and internal and external bleeding may be seen in some patients.

Picture of Ebola Symptoms

What are the late stage symptoms of Ebola Fever ? ● Late symptoms include: ● Bleeding from eyes, ears, and nose ● Bleeding from the mouth and rectum (gastrointestinal bleeding) ● Depression ● Eye swelling (conjunctivitis) ● Genital swelling (labia and scrotum) ● Increased feeling of pain in the skin ● Rash over the entire body that often contains blood (hemorrhagic) ● Roof of mouth looks red

What causes Ebola Fever ? Ebola hemorrhagic fever (Ebola fever) is caused by a virus belonging to the family called Filoviridae. Scientists have identified five types of Ebola virus. Three have been reported to cause disease in humans: Ebola-Zaire virus, Ebola-Sudan virus, and Ebola-Ivory Coast virus. The human disease has so far been limited to parts of Africa. The Reston type of Ebola virus has recently been found in the Philippines. The disease can be passed to humans from infected animals and animal materials. Ebola can also be spread between humans by close contact with infected body fluids or through infected needles in the hospital

Does it affect to children / adult or both? Ebola does not affect children differently than adults. Ebola is a deadly virus that is highly contagious when a person is exposed to other people who are infected. Up to 90% of people who are infected with the virus may die from it, but data does not indicate that age is a factor in the severity of the illness.

Is there any Vaccine for this disease ? EbolaEbola hemorrhagic fever is a highly contagious disease that causes death in up to 90 percent of those infected with the virus. Furthermore, there is no treatment that will cure the infection once it begins; therefore, preventing the spread of the virus is crucial to containing outbreaks. This is one reason why research scientists are actively studying a possible Ebola vaccine.

Where is Ebola virus found in nature ? The exact origin, locations, and natural habitat (known as the "natural reservoir") of Ebola virus remain unknown. However, on the basis of available evidence and the nature of similar viruses, researchers believe that the virus is zoonotic (animal- borne) and is normally maintained in an animal host that is native to the African continent. A similar host is probably associated with Ebola-Reston isolated from infected cynomolgous monkeys that were imported to the United States and Italy from the Philippines. The virus is not known to be native to other continents, such as North America.

How Ebola virus spread ? Infection with Ebola virus in humans is incidental humans do not "carry" the virus. Because the natural reservoir of the virus is unknown, the manner in which the virus first appears in a human at the start of an outbreak has not been determined. However, researchers have hypothesized that the first patient becomes infected through contact with an infected anima l.

Ebola Fever Victims

Treatment for Ebola fever Treatments for Ebola may include:  Oxygen and devices that help with breathing  Antibiotics to prevent secondary infections from bacteria  Medications to control fever, help the blood clot, and maintain ··blood pressure··blood pressure  Intravenous (IV) fluids to maintain fluids and electrolytes (sodium, potassium, and chloride)  Good nursing care.

Can treatment kill Ebola virus ? Treatments cannot kill the virus that causes Ebola; instead, they focus on providing relief of the symptoms. These options can include oxygen, IV fluids, good nursing care, antibiotics, and other medications. Even when these Ebola treatments are administered, death still occurs in 50 to 90 percent of cases.

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