Life Science: Collecting Data and the tools you’ll use

Data Collection I.Two different techniques A. Quantitative –Think NUMBERS. –Quantitative = Quantity –Things that can be measured. –Length, Height, Mass, Volume, Time, Speed, Etc. –Assigned a Number value.

Example Tree in the woods Quantitative Data –15 m tall –230cm in diameter at trunk –312 cm circumference

Another Example Glass of Sea Water. 17°C 437ml in volume 43g in mass

B. Qualitative –Think DESCRIPTION –Qualitative = Quality –Things that are seen but not measured. –Texture, Color, Smell, Taste, Movement, Behavior, etc.

Example Tree Again Qualitative –Brown trunk, bark is rough and flaky. –Leaves are needle shaped Branches restricted to upper 3 rd of trunk. Stiff/Rigid, little sway in wind.

Example 2 Sea Water Qualitative –Cloudy –Low viscosity. (thickness) Strong Salt Odor. Visible floating materials. – small and suspended.

Quantitative Data: Volume, Length and Mass And the tools that help you find them

What do we measure? 5 things we measure in grade 7? –Length –Volume –Mass –Density –Temperature

What do I measure? What do we measure using: millimeters? Length

What do I measure? What do we measure using: grams? Remember: the milli- prefix only tells us size. Mass

What do I measure? What do we measure using: milliliters? Remember: the milli- prefix only tells us size. Volume

What do I measure? What do we measure using: Grams/milliter? g/mL Remember: the milli- prefix only tells us size. Volume

What do I measure? What do we measure using: ° C Temperature

The Tools that Help We use many tools to help us measure mass, volume, temperature and length.

Measuring Tools What do I measure? 1 What Am I? Thermometer Temperature 2

Measuring Tools What am I? 3 Triple-Beam Balance What do I measure? 4 Mass

Measuring Tools Uses three beams for finding balance mass. Middle slide weight adds 100 grams with each notch. Back slide adds 10 grams with each notch. Front slide weight can be as accurate as.1 gram

Very, Very Bad Do not disrespect the equipment Marking the equipment in any way is UNACCEPTABLE

Measuring Tools What are we? 5 Beakers What do we measure? 6 Volume Beakers come in all sizes

Measuring Tools Beakers have a spout for pouring.

Measuring Tools What are we? 7 Erlenmeyer Flasks What do we measure? 8 Volume Erlenmeyer Flasks also come in all sizes They have flat bottoms

Measuring Tools No spout here. You can plug/cap these. Great for Stirring!!

Measuring Tools What am we? 18 Pipet What do we measure? 19 Volume Pipets draw liquid out of one canister in measured amounts, usually to deliver to another container.

Measuring Tools What are we? 20 Graduated Cylinders What do we measure? 21 Volume

Scale practice What is this filled to ml

The Mighty Meniscus Water clings to glass on sides and “climbs” edge making a curved shape. Read from the BOTTOM of the meniscus. Can make a big difference!

Why? Cohesion: The attraction of the molecules of an object to each other. Example – The way water forms a puddle. Adhesion: The attraction of one object to another. Example – The way drops of water “stick” to the side of an empty glass

Proper pouring technique is very important. Notice the hand “steadying the container” Edges in Close contact with each other.

We will be using a lot of equipment in this class… so let’s learn the proper names so that we don’t sound like fools!

Test Tube

Proper Use Used to heat, mix, collect, store, etc. materials. Used for experimentation.

Forceps

Proper Use For grasping small objects. Used mainly in dissection.

Test Tube Rack

Proper Use To hold test tubes during an experiment or for drying.

Petri Dish

Proper Use Used to culture (“grow”) microscopic specimens.

Light Microscope

Proper Use To see microscopic specimens

Eye Tube

Nose Piece

Eye Tube Nose Piece Objective Lenses (4, 10, 40)

Eye Tube Nose Piece Objective Lenses (4, 10, 40) Stage Clips

Eye Tube Nose Piece Objective Lenses (4, 10, 40) Stage Clips Diaphragm

Eye Tube Nose Piece Objective Lenses (4, 10, 40) Stage Clips Diaphragm Light Source

Eye Tube Nose Piece Objective Lenses (4, 10, 40) Stage Clips Diaphragm Light Source Eye Piece (10)

Eye Tube Nose Piece Objective Lenses (4, 10, 40) Stage Clips Diaphragm Light Source Eye Piece (10) Arm

Eye Tube Nose Piece Objective Lenses (4, 10, 40) Stage Clips Diaphragm Light Source Eye Piece (10) Arm Stage

Eye Tube Nose Piece Objective Lenses (4, 10, 40) Stage Clips Diaphragm Light Source Eye Piece (10) Arm Stage Course Adjustment)

Eye Tube Nose Piece Objective Lenses (4, 10, 40) Stage Clips Diaphragm Light Source Eye Piece (10) Arm Stage Course Adjustment Fine Adjustment

Eye Tube Nose Piece Objective Lenses (4, 10, 40) Stage Clips Diaphragm Light Source Eye Piece (10) Arm Stage Course Adjustment Fine Adjustment Base Total Magnification= Eye piece x Objective Lens