Atomic # : 32 Atomic Mass: Mass # : 41 P+ : 32 N+- : 41 E- : 32 BY: Shaqukell Wilson

First proposed to exist by Dmitri Mendeleyev in 1871 based on gaps in his newly created Periodic Table of Elements, Germanium was discovered by the German chemist Clemens Winkler in Dmitri Mendeleyev Clemens Winkler

Silver SulphurMercury Germanium is not found as the free element in nature. Germanium is found in germanite, argyrodite, and some zinc ores. It is also present in coal. Pure germanium metal is then produced by passing an electric current through molten (melted) germanium chloride. This method produces very pure germanium. This level of purity is needed in order to use the metal in the production of semiconductors. The minerals were to a preliminary investigation with the blowpipe and found as its main components Sulphur and Silver, and a small quantity of Mercury.

Atomic Number: 32 Atomic Weight: Melting Point: K (938.25°C or °F) Boiling Point: 3106 K (2833°C or 5131°F) Density: grams per cubic centimeter Phase at Room Temperature: Solid Element Classification: Semi-metal Period Number: 4 Group Number: 14 Group Name : none Compounds Oxide(s) : GeO, GeO2 Hydride(s) : GeH4, Ge2H6 Chloride : GeCl2, GeCl4

GERMANIUM USAGE #1 The Transistor A transistor is a semiconductor device used to amplify and switch electronic signals and power. It is composed of a semiconductor material with at least three terminals for connection to an external circuit. A voltage or current applied to one pair of the transistor's terminals changes the current flowing through another pair of terminals. Because the controlled power can be much more than the controlling power, a transistor can amplify a signal. Today, some transistors are packaged individually, but many more are found embedded in integrated circuits. Following its release in the early 1950s the transistor revolutionized the field of electronics, and paved the way for smaller and cheaper radios, calculators, and computers, among other things. Transistor Radio Transistor

GERMANIUM USAGE #2 The Computer A computer is a programmable machine designed to sequentially and automatically carry out a sequence of arithmetic or logical operations. The particular sequence of operations can be changed readily, allowing the computer to solve more than one kind of problem. An important class of computer operations on some computing platforms is the accepting of input from human operators and the output of results formatted for human consumption. The interface between the computer and the human operator is known as the user interface.

HOW GERMANIUM IMPACTED MY LIFE Germanium impacted my life because it takes a part in what I use. My computer for example is somehow created from Germanium and I use my computer things like Twitter or Skype and sometimes YouTube. And then there's my camera. Germanium is what's used to create the lens on a camera. Then you have the calculator; my best friend in Algebra I use it everyday and it is also made from Germanium.

FACTS ABOUT GERMANIUM Germanium is classified as a Metalloid element and is located in Groups 13, 14,15, 16 and 17 of the Periodic Table. An element classified as a Metalloid has properties of both metals and non-metals. Found in argyrodite sulfide of germanium and silver, coal; germanite and zinc ores. Germanium also has the uncommon property that like water it expands as it freezes.

THE COST TO OBTAIN GERMANIUM Cost if pure: $360 per 100g Cost if bulk: $120 per 100g % pure % Bulk Toxicity level : low

SOURCES INCLUDE Enviormentalchemistry.com