Modern Characteristics Objective 40: Students will demonstrate understanding by describing Modern characteristics

Characteristics of Modern Art?  Modern art:  Breaks with or redefines the conventions of the past.  Uses experimental techniques.  Shows the diversity of society and the blending of cultures.

Events that influenced art of the 20 th Century World War I infirmary and Public Service Advertisement World War II American Propaganda Posters

Events that influenced art of the 20 th Century Feminism Civil Rights Movement

Events that influenced art of the 20 th Century 1920’s: Sexual Revolution 1960’s: Sexual Revolution

Events that influenced art of the 20 th Century Technological Advances Globalization

Objective 41: Students will demonstrate understanding by describing Modern art

Visual Arts: O’Keefe, Picasso, and Lange

Pablo Picasso  Born on October 25, 1881 in Malaga, Spain,  Son of an art and drawing teacher.  Picasso was an art student practically from birth; he was fully trained as an artist by age 19.  He had his first exhibit in Barcelona, Spain in 1900, and soon there after moved to France.  Picasso shuffled between Barcelona and Paris for the next 5 years.

Picasso’s Early Art Le Moulin de la Galette, 1900 The Old Fisherman (Salmerón), 1895 Sabartès Seated, 1900

Parisian Influence on Picasso  While in Paris, Picasso rejected schooling and became friends with a group of young avant-garde artists, collectively known as modernistes.  The Modernistes were known for their interest in: symbolism in art social causes, including the urban underprivileged  Picasso would opt to paint the poor or disenfranchised: the prostitutes, beggars, street musicians, for he felt that they alone understood him and his pain.  He assimilated the ideas the Post-Impressionist painters - Van Gogh, Cezanne, Seurat, etc. into his own works while in Paris.

The Many Moods of Picasso  1901 – Blue Period: all works in monochromatic blue  Represented melancholy and despair Crouching Woman, 1902 The Old Guitar Player, 1903

Picasso’s Rose Period  Began in 1904; painted in shades of red.  During this period, Picasso painted mainly circus and fair performers (mainly a migrant community of acrobats, musicians, and clowns– saltimbanques), usually in relaxed, happy settings. Family of Saltimbanques, 1905

The Beginnings of Cubism  In 1907, Picasso founded Cubism.  Natural forms were re- duced to fractured, geo- metric structures, or “little cubes.” Became the basis of all abstract art to follow Les Demoiselles d'Avignon.

Picasso’s Cubist Works Three Musicians Girl with a guitar Landscape

Guernica 1937, oil on canvas

Guernica  It is regarded as Modern art’s modern art's most powerful antiwar statement.  Commissioned by the Spanish Republican government for the Spanish Pavillion at the 1937 World’s Fair in Paris  Commemorates the Nazi bombing of Gernika, Spain, on April 27th, 1937, during the Spanish Civil War. Guernica burns for three days. Sixteen hundred civilians are killed or wounded.

Georgia O’Keefe: Blazing a Trail for Women  Born on 1887 in Sun Prairie, Wisconsin.  From a very young age, declared that she would be an artist.  Moved to New York in 1917, met artist/promoter Alfred Stieglitz  They married in 1924 and formed one of the most influential partnerships in the history of art

Three Main Periods in O’Keeffe’s work: Flower Period: began to paint giant, detailed, almost surreal paintings of flowers Innovative in using brilliant, bold colors with simple patterns and shapes Some considered her work controversial and sexual “I have painted what each flower is to me and I have painted it big enough so that others would see what I see.” Calla Lilies On Pink, 1928

Poppy, 1927

Compare and Contrast Claude Monet, Vase with Flowers, 1880 Ambrosius Bosschaert 1620 Calla Lilies On Pink, 1928

Ghost Ranch Period  O’Keeffe journeyed with a friend to Taos, New Mexico and the Ghost Ranch in  She fell in love with the barrenness and expanse of the unspoiled land, and created almost mythical images of them as she loved to see them: uninterrupted or spoiled by humans.  She loved the feeling of the country's symbols: life as a struggle sadness resurrection.

Ghost Ranch Period Images Bell/Cross, Ranchos, 1930 Ranchos Church, 1930 Long Pink Hills, 1931

“Bones” Period Bones embodied the wild, wonderful nature of the West Cow skulls especially showed her audience the untamed, beautiful nature of the desert west. More surreal style Bones and Hollyhock

Painted until she lost her eyesight completely Died in 1986 Distinctly American; not concerned with art trends in Europe. Perhaps the most influential female artist of the 20 th century Cow's Skull with Calico Roses, 1934

Dorothea Lange : “I am not an artist”  Dorethea Lange was born in Hoboken, NJ in  She studied photography in NYC before WWI  In 1919 moved to San Francisco to work as a portrait photographer and tried documentary photography.

Beginnings of Greatness Concerned with people and their situations, appreciated the ordinary  She first photographed documentary images of Native Americans in the west in the 1920s.  In 1931, Lange was hired by the Farm Security Admin. to photograph and document the migrant farmers and workers, forced to move west by the Dust Bowl and the Great Depression. Philipinos cutting lettuce, 1938

Lange’s Documentation of the Great Depression Migration Next Time Try the Train, 1932 White Angel Breadline, 1937 Her first lay out in Life magazine depicted her images of the desolate western land, and the sad, depressing images of those displaced there

Migrant Mother Migrant mother working at a pea- pickers camp in California, living in a make-shift tent, looking longingly into the distance. Icon of the Great Depression

Social Documentation through Art: Japanese Internment Camps during WWII

Salvador Dali  Born May 11, 1904 in Spain  Studied art in Madrid, but expelled from school  Known as much for his eccentric personality as his art. Heavily influenced by Picasso Tried painting in Cubist and Dada styles, but best known for his Surrealist works Often painted as soon as he woke up

Surrealism  Artistic expression of the philosophy that the mind, individual, and society can be liberated by exercising the “unconscious mind.”  Based on the works of psychologist Sigmund Freud. He believed that the unconscious mind and desires were expressed through dreams because the conscious mind could not understand.

The Persistence of Memory Salvador Dali, oil on canvas, 1931

Beyond Painting Rinoceronte vestido con puntillas, 1956 Gala in the Window, 1933

The Disintegration of the Persistence of Memory, 1954 Dali’s acknowledgement of the new science of physics

Andy Warhol & Pop Art  Andy Warhol ( ), born in Pittsburgh, PA to immigrant parents from Slovakia  Trained in commercial art and had a successful career in magazine illustration and advertising. Also was a avante-garde film maker

Campbell’s Soup Can, 1968 silkscreen Warhol was very interested in popular culture. His studio was named “The Factory,” to mirror his interest in material goods that were massed produced during that time.

Pop Art: The Everyday Becomes Art Drowning Girl (1963), Roy Lichtenstein, Spray (1962), Lichtenstein

Jacob Lawrence: Harlem Renaissance  ; Born in New Jersey  Raised in Harlem, studied at the Harlem Art Workshop  Taught Art at Univ. of Washington in Seattle His work documented important African- American historical events and culture

Art of Jacob Lawrence Barber Shop, 1946 “To Preserve Their Freedom” Silk screen, 1988