Build and program robots to challenge each other. Be prepared to have a great time. L. MacCormack-Martin GFMS

Robot Challenge with Lego Mindstorms L. MacCormack-Martin GFMS BOCES STEM Academy 3/2013

Robot Challenge with Lego Mindstorms Do you want to explore the rapidly developing and exciting field of Robotics using Lego Mindstorms? Do you want to learn about the robot parts, sensors, motors, etc., and the programming that directs them to perform different tasks? We will test our programming skills by designing new tasks and with friendly challenges and completions. L. MacCormack-Martin GFMS BOCES STEM Academy 3/2013

Robot Challenge with Lego Mindstorms Weekly Activities Week 1 - Intro to Robots Students will learn about the world of robots and about Lego Mindstorms robots, their parts and how they are programmed. Week 2 - Developing Programming Skills We will learn about computer programming and problem solving steps. They will apply this by programming the robots perform certain basic tasks. Week 3 - Robot Challenge Teams will program their robots to perform specific tasks in series and will have a “challenge” to see how well they succeeded. Week 4 - Creating a New Task for Robots Teams will test their problem solving and programming skills by programming their robots to complete a new series of more complex tasks in preparation for the final challenge completion next week. Week 5 - Challenge & Celebration We will put our programming and problems solving skills to the test in a final completion and celebrate our successes and learning. L. MacCormack-Martin GFMS BOCES STEM Academy 3/2013

Week 1: Intro to Robots Students will learn about: The world of robots The history of robots and The types of robots About Lego Mindstorm robots their parts and how they are programmed The Express Mindstorm Robot they are going to build L. MacCormack-Martin GFMS BOCES STEM Academy 3/2013

What is a Robot? What do you already know about robots? Use the graphic organizer provided to write your answers down on these questions: What do you think a robot is? What do you know about robots? What robots have you seen? In your life (not on TV, books, etc.) On TV? Theaters? Let’s share what we know! L. MacCormack-Martin GFMS BOCES STEM Academy 3/2013

What is a robot? A machine capable of carrying out a complex series of actions automatically. Robots have movement, senses and intelligence, L. MacCormack-Martin GFMS BOCES STEM Academy 3/2013

1921 – The word Robot is used The term "robot" was first used in a play called "R.U.R." or "Rossum's Universal Robots" by the Czech writer Karel Capek. The word “robota” means forced labor in Czech. The plot was simple: man makes robot then robot kills man! L. MacCormack-Martin GFMS BOCES STEM Academy 3/2013

1890’s Tele-robotics invented Nikola Tesla was famous for inventing the radio and alternating current (the kind of electricity we use in our homes). He also built the first remote controlled robot, - a small boat. He called this remote controlled robot “tele-robotics”. L. MacCormack-Martin GFMS BOCES STEM Academy 3/2013

Isaac Asimov Science fiction writer Isaac Asimov first used the word "robotics" to describe the technology of robots and predicted the rise of a powerful robot industry. Asimov wrote The book “I, Robot" L. MacCormack-Martin GFMS BOCES STEM Academy 3/2013

Isaac Asimov & the “I-Robot” movie This book was made into the movie called “I-Robot” in L. MacCormack-Martin GFMS BOCES STEM Academy 3/2013

Isaac Asimov & The Three Laws of Robotics Asimov ‘s book “I-Robot", contained the "Three Laws of Robotics". These laws are: A robot may not injure a human, or, through inaction, allow a human being to come to harm. A robot must obey the orders it by human beings except where such orders would conflict with the First Law. A robot must protect its own existence as long as such protection does not conflict with the First or Second Law. L. MacCormack-Martin GFMS BOCES STEM Academy 3/2013

1956- The Unimate: George Devol and Joe Engleberger decided to try to make a robot after chatting at a party. They invented the first programmable robot arm. They called their robotic arm Unimate. L. MacCormack-Martin GFMS BOCES STEM Academy 3/2013

The Unimate-First industrial Robot L. MacCormack-Martin GFMS BOCES STEM Academy 3/2013 The robotic arms were first used to weld car parts together at Chrysler Automotive, but other US companies did not quickly accept or use them However, Japan recognized the benefits of robots in manufacturing and Japan has bought more robots than any other country.

Robotization- Robots taking humans jobs Advantages Disadvantages Robots do not get sick or hurt or need health insurance. They can work 24/7. They can be reprogrammed for a new job. They can be moved to a new location. Humans lose jobs to robots. Most robots cannot problem solve like humans. Robots need to be repaired & maintained L. MacCormack-Martin GFMS BOCES STEM Academy 3/2013

Exploration of the Shipwrecked Titanic The robots used to explore the shipwreck of the Titanic were tele-robots and were called Jake & Elwood. The Titanic is at 12,600 feet deep in the Atlantic Ocean. L. MacCormack-Martin GFMS BOCES STEM Academy 3/2013

Robots in Space: Robots have been used in space in many missions. For example, robot arms have been used to repair the International Space Station. L. MacCormack-Martin GFMS BOCES STEM Academy 3/2013

Rovers Spirit & Opportunity: Landed on Mars in 2004 Landed using airbags inflated to protect the lander for a soft landing over the hard rocks on Mars. Once the airbag “ball” stopped bouncing, the airbags deflated so that the rover could deploy (unfold and take shape as the vehicle to explore Mars). L. MacCormack-Martin GFMS BOCES STEM Academy 3/2013

The Rover Curiosity : -Landed on Mars August Landed on Mars using Retro Rockets L. MacCormack-Martin GFMS BOCES STEM Academy 3/2013

Surgical Robot DaVinci The Surgical robot named “DaVinci” allow surgeons to make precise tiny cuts by taking the tremors (shakes) out of their hand movements. L. MacCormack-Martin GFMS BOCES STEM Academy 3/2013

Robot Arms Mechanical arms with grippers or hands and controlled by computer program. Context: Robot arms are helpful in manufacturing companies because they cannot get hurt, do not get sick and can be reprogrammed for different jobs. L. MacCormack-Martin GFMS BOCES STEM Academy 3/2013

Humanoid A robot that has the general human form. It may have a head, arms, legs and moves like a human. Context: Humanoid robots are being developed to perform human tasks like personal assistance L. MacCormack-Martin GFMS BOCES STEM Academy 3/2013

Android L. MacCormack-Martin GFMS BOCES STEM Academy 3/2013 A robot designed to look and acts like a human, especially one with a body having a flesh-like resemblance. Context: Androids are so life like that people find them to be creepy to look at and be around.

Nano-bots A robot the size of a molecule designed to work inside the human body. Context: Future nano-robots may be injected into our bodies to search out and protect us from diseases L. MacCormack-Martin GFMS BOCES STEM Academy 3/2013

Exo Bots Robots that provide a strong external skeleton to people. Context: Exobots provide the strength to people so that they can lift what they otherwise could not or to help someone walk who could not. L. MacCormack-Martin GFMS BOCES STEM Academy 3/2013

Artificial Intelligence in Robots The studies of how computers can be designed to work and learn like the human brain for use in robotics. Context: Robots, like “Kismet” being made at MIT, are being trained to think and respond like a human would respond. L. MacCormack-Martin GFMS BOCES STEM Academy 3/201328

L. MacCormack-Martin GFMS BOCES STEM Academy 3/2013

1. In Manufacturing (in factories making things) To help make things faster and with more quality control. To do dangerous jobs, like welding L. MacCormack-Martin GFMS BOCES STEM Academy 3/2013

2. In Processing Operations Packing fruits & food Fitted with cameras to sort foods by quality. L. MacCormack-Martin GFMS BOCES STEM Academy 3/2013

3. For Inaccessible Areas Robots getting into places we can't go Space exploration missions Underwater robots L. MacCormack-Martin GFMS BOCES STEM Academy 3/2013

4. For Dangerous Areas Inside nuclear reactors to check them out In wrecked building after an earthquake To explore a volcano L. MacCormack-Martin GFMS BOCES STEM Academy 3/2013

5. In the Military To keep humans out of harm’s way Defense, security and surveillance robots Search and rescue L. MacCormack-Martin GFMS BOCES STEM Academy 3/2013

6. In Medical Environments Helping surgeons perform operations Nano-bots can be put into the body to seek out bad cells. L. MacCormack-Martin GFMS BOCES STEM Academy 3/2013

7. To Assist Disabled People or provide strength to people : With artificial limbs (prosthetics) Handicap assistance robots, for people who need help doing things To help with movement therapy L. MacCormack-Martin GFMS BOCES STEM Academy 3/2013

8. To do Dirty, Repetitive or Unpleasant Jobs: Checking the sewer lines Domestic robots Cleaning or serving people Vacuum Robots L. MacCormack-Martin GFMS BOCES STEM Academy 3/2013

9. Research: To find out what Robots are capable of doing In universities and research organizations Developing Artificial Intelligence in “Kismet” at MIT Nano-bot Technology Research-making robots the size of a molecule to work inside the human body. L. MacCormack-Martin GFMS BOCES STEM Academy 3/2013

10. In Entertainment & Toy Robots Very simple robots are used in toys for children. “Realistic” Jurassic park Dinosaurs Human like figures L. MacCormack-Martin GFMS BOCES STEM Academy 3/2013

Electronic devices in robots that allows it to mimic human senses. L. MacCormack-Martin GFMS BOCES STEM Academy 3/2013

Types of Sensors Tactile Sensors: Sensors in robots that allow it to recognize things it touches. Context: Robots with tactile sensors are better at identifying materials than humans are. Voice Control: A voice controlled robot is directed through verbal commands. Context: A robotic pet may respond to voice commands. Computer Vision: The methods a computer uses to duplicate human vision. Context: A robot with computer vision can inspect things and navigate around things and can do surveillance. L. MacCormack-Martin GFMS BOCES STEM Academy 3/2013

There are three main levels of independence in robots. They are listed from the most dependent to the most independent 1. Tele-robots 2. Supervisory Robots 3. Automatic Robots L. MacCormack-Martin GFMS BOCES STEM Academy 3/2013

Tele-robots Robots controlled from a distance, chiefly using wireless connections (like remote control or the Internet, or the Deep Space Network which are used to control the Mars Rovers), Context: The deep water robots that inspected the Titanic were tele-robots named Jake & Elwood. L. MacCormack-Martin GFMS BOCES STEM Academy 3/2013

Supervisory Robots Robots that depend on humans to make key decisions, but the robot can work without constant guidance. L. MacCormack-Martin GFMS BOCES STEM Academy 3/2013 Context: The Mars Rovers can make many decisions for themselves but they do depend on humans for some decisions.

Automatic Robots Robots that are able to operate or move independently, be self-regulating. Context: Some robots have had their computers programmed so that they can “think” for themselves to solve certain problems. L. MacCormack-Martin GFMS BOCES STEM Academy 3/2013