ROAD PAVEMENT RESEARCH ADVISORY COMMITTEE BMJA Verhaeghe 12 MAY 2005 NINTH MEETING OF THE ROAD PAVEMENTS FORUM (RPF)

Resolution #6 (Nov’04) The Pavement Research Advisory Committee (PRAC) to provide feedback at the next RPF on the outcomes of the needs determination process as well as on the research themes that have been identified

Background –Purpose & Structure Prioritisation of research needs –Synthesis of research needs –Prioritisation process Way Ahead Discussion Presentation outline

Background: Purpose To identify, prioritise and execute R&D programmes, projects and activities that: –Address the road infrastructure needs of SA –Enhance socio-economic impact –Promote sustainable development –Support asset preservation –Enhance SA’s industry competitiveness –Support the interests of the industry’s stakeholders –Position SA to address current needs and future challenges in road provision and maintenance

Background: Structure (1) RAC –Advise on R&D needs & priorities –Assist in technology foresight studies –Advise on development of strategic plans & research portfolio plans –Assist in the review of outcomes –Assist in assessing the impact of R&D activities

Present members of RAC: –ASPASA –Asphalt Academy –C&CI –CIDB –CSIR –DoT –Gautrans –Jeffares & Green –KZN DoT –Limpopo Roads Agency –PD Naidoo –RBPM –Sabita –SAFCEC –SANRAL –Tshwane University of technology –University of Pretoria –University of Stellenbosch –Vela VKE –Western Cape DoT –Women in Construction Background: Structure (2)

Background: Structure (3) Manco –Select projects to be financed by sponsors –Request & approve project plans –Source & provide funding –Appoint champions & teams –Provide management resources –Output quality review –Ensure effective technology transfer

Background: Progress RAC meeting of Jan ’05: –Finalised structure and responsibilities –Identified overarching industry needs RAC meeting of May ’05: –Prioritisation of R&D needs –Way forward

Prioritisation of R&D Needs Broad areas of research (RAC, Jan ‘05) Identification & classification of research needs (Feb-Mar ‘05) Prioritisation of research needs –Feedback received from RAC members –Department of Transport & SANRAL –APT Steering Committee –Road Materials Committee –CAPSA ‘04 Verification & validation of identified research needs –RAC meeting of 5 May ‘05 –RPF meeting of May ‘05

Prioritisation of R&D needs 225 Research needs identified: –Infrastructure Engineering (137) –Infrastructure Delivery (38) –Environment (22) –Planning & Operations (14) –Policy, Economics & Decision Support (10) –Resources (4)

Needs in Infrastructure Engineering 137 Identified Research Needs

Needs in Infrastructure Delivery 38 Identified Research Needs

Tentative Priorities Priority A-rating –Thin bituminous surfacings –Foamed-bitumen & bitumen-emulsion treated materials –Structural design & performance –Gravel roads & upgrading to paved standards –Traffic loading & contact stresses –Design of hot-mix asphalt –Thin- & ultra-thin concrete layers –Suitable replacements for tar-based products

Tentative Priorities Priority B-rating –Performance-based specifications for bituminous binders –Lime- and cement-stabilised materials –Structural design of concrete pavements –Unbound materials –Pavement surveillance equipment –Cold-mix asphalt –Performance-based specifications for maintenance

Tentative Priorities Priority C-rating –Quality control & quality assurance –Impact of climate –Long-life pavements

Priority-A research needs

FBT & EBT treated materials (A1) Laboratory simulation of curing Revision of structural design guidelines –Development of database on field performance –“Effective stiffness” concept –Role of active fillers Revision of TG2 & finalisation of sister document for emulsion-treated materials Standard specifications for cold in-place recycling

Gravel roads & their upgrading (A2) Gravel roads –Improved deterioration models –Review of specifications for gravel wearing courses –Revision of TRH20 –Implementation of certification process Upgrading to paved standards –Cost-effective ways to upgrade gravel roads –Geometric standards –Minimum strength criteria for light pavements –Labour-intensive construction & maintenance –Validation of SADC LVSR guidelines for SA conditions

Thin bituminous surfacings (A3) Surface dressings –Concept of elv & better guidance on design for heavy traffic volumes –Modified binders (applicability of design charts) –Database on long-term performance of seals Thin-layer asphalt –Guidelines on their design and use –Fit-for-purpose certification system for non- conventional products Cost-effectiveness of modified binders Adhesion & bonding to substrata

Structural design & performance (A4) Upgrading of SAMDM Incorporation of input variability & probabilistic functions in structural design methods Integration of all mechanistic design methods (flexible & rigid) into one method Structural design & analysis system accommodating non-uniform contact stresses and dynamic loading Revision of TRH4 (including incorporation of rigid pavements) Revision of TRH12

Priority-A research needs

Priority-B research needs

Quality control/assurance (B1) Survey of factors and influencing issues impacting on quality, and the provision of remedial solutions High-speed, non-destructive testing procedures & automated systems for the monitoring & control of construction quality Revision of standards & specification Capacity building

Thin concrete layers (B1) Design and performance –Engineering properties and load carrying capacity of thin & ultra-thin concrete layers –APT study of high-strength thin concrete overlays –Guidelines on design & use of thin & ultra-thin concrete layers Construction –Guidelines on the construction of thin & ultra-thin concrete layers using both conventional & labour- intensive methods

Lime- and cement-treated materials (B3) Test methods & specifications for the assessment of durability and erosion resistance Ways to improve the working time associated with the new range of cements Appropriate construction methods Calibration of resilient & performance models incorporating variability

Hot-mix asphalt (B4) Validation of interim design guidelines –Forensic, LTPP & APT studies –Reliable test procedures & acceptance criteria for rutting, durability & fatigue –Concept of aggregate packing and spatial composition –Laboratory mix preparation, conditioning & compaction –Design procedures for SMA Stability of mixes at intersections Revision of TRH8 Standards & specifications

Priority-B research needs

Priority-C research needs

Traffic loading & contact stresses (C1) Traffic loading –Accuracy of WIM measurements –Updating of ESALS per heavy vehicle factors –Investigation/enhancement of ESAL/E80 concept –Revision of TRH16 Non-uniform contact stresses –Quantification of effects of contact stresses on behaviour & performance of upper pavement layers –Integration of non-uniform contact stresses is structural design systems

Bitumen specification & Material classification Performance-based specifications for bituminous binders (C2) –As directed by the RPF working group Material classification (C3) –Improved characterisation methods for unbound materials, weathered gravels and soils –Improved design models (e.g. resilient & plastic deformation models) –Revision of TRH14

Tar replacement & Long-life pavements Tar replacement (C4) –Investigation into suitable replacements for coal tar for priming, pre-coating of aggregates and other applications in road construction Long-life pavements (C5) –Concept development & economic viability of long- life pavements –Survey of long-life pavements –Strategy for long-life pavements –Construction & materials for long-life pavements –Guidelines for design, construction and maintenance of long-life pavements

Structural materials Cold bituminous treatment (A) Thin-layer concrete (B) Lime/cement stabilised materials (B) Hot-mix asphalt (B) Material classification (C) Operational environment Traffic loading & contact stresses (C) Structural design of flexible & rigid pavements (A) Long-life pavements (C) Construction & Maintenance Gravel roads & their upgrading (A) Thin bituminous surfacings (A) Quality control/assurance (B) Replacement of tar-based products (C) Perf-based specs for bituminous Binders (C)

Way Forward Focus area groups to unpack the needs identified & identify projects Need to relate the outcomes of the focus areas to strategic objectives of transport and national imperatives

Unpacking of needs

Unpacking of needs: Priority A Cold bituminous treatments –RPF Working Group Gravel roads & their upgrading –(Les Sampson & Phil Paige-Green to convene) Thin bituminous surfacings –(Expansion of ASA Task Team) Structural design & performance –RPF Working Group

Unpacking of needs: Priority B Quality control & quality assurance –? Thin concrete layers –(Rudi Kühn & Bryan Perrie to convene) Lime- & cement-treated materials –RPF Working Group Hot-mix asphalt –(HMA PMG or APT Task Group)

Unpacking of needs: Priority C Traffic loading & contact stresses –(Morris de Beer & PW de Bruin to convene) Performance specs for bituminous binders –RPF Working Group Material classification –(Dennis Rossmann & Hechter Theyse to convene) Replacement of tar-based products –(Sabita to convene) Long-life pavements –(SA PIARC representatives to convene)

Way Forward Alignment with strategic objectives for transport –Role in economic development –Safety and personal security –Increasing access and mobility –Public health issues –Environmental sustainability –Human resource development –Poverty alleviation / job creation

RAP – Feedback (Transportek)

Compilation of Research Master Plan –Focus area groups to unpack the needs identified & identify projects (end July 2005) –Translate the outcomes of the focus areas to strategic objectives of transport and national imperatives (May’05) –Secretariat to compile Research Master Plan (Aug’05) –Circulate to members of PRAC for comments (Aug’05) Meeting of the Management Committee (September 2005) WAY AHEAD