July 28, 2004Tim Bolton NUFACT 2004-- OSAKA 1 Reactor  13 in the USA Will discuss  Physics case for a “medium” sin 2 2  13 ≤0.01 reactor experiment.

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Presentation transcript:

July 28, 2004Tim Bolton NUFACT OSAKA 1 Reactor  13 in the USA Will discuss  Physics case for a “medium” sin 2 2  13 ≤0.01 reactor experiment.  Status of “Midwest”  13 project at Braidwood, Illinois. Will not discuss  Highly advanced, but regrettably suspended Diablo Canyon project.  American involvement in Double-Chooz, Daya Bay, KASKA, and other international efforts beyond US borders.  US political situation, reactor or otherwise.

July 28, 2004Tim Bolton NUFACT OSAKA 2 Physics Case for sin 2 2  13 ≤0.01 Reactor-only:  Uniquely clean and precise measurement of  13.  Medium Braidwood style experiment exploits both rate and shape. Reactor+T2K/No a (M. Shaevitz)  Medium experiment resolves (45±  23 )° degeneracy for  23.  Small D-Chooz type experiment may leave ambiguity. But for T2K/No a with + running:  Minimal impact on mass hierarchy from reactors.  Modest impact on CP violation from reactors.  Caveat: A D-Chooz null result would make this physics tough for everybody. Huber et al. hep-ph/

July 28, 2004Tim Bolton NUFACT OSAKA 3 M. Shaevitz Study:  sin 2 2  13 (true)=0  sin 2 2  13 (true)=0.05 Reactors get  13 !

July 28, 2004Tim Bolton NUFACT OSAKA 4  deg. reflection degeneracy 1.5%  sin 2 2  23  Medium Braidwood-like reactor + / off-axis resolves ambiguity.  Result holds even without high precision  23.  D-Chooz may leave degenerate solutions, even with precise  23.

July 28, 2004Tim Bolton NUFACT OSAKA 5 Precision MeV Physics  Robust observable, first order flux cancellation.  Addresses “NuTeV anomaly” at NuTeV precision.  Interesting EW tests (ST plane) at Q 2 =0.  Challenging singles measurement, needs: Depth to suppress  spallation. Borexino-level radioactivity. Use of low background energy window. ≤ 1% systematics (calibrations).

July 28, 2004Tim Bolton NUFACT OSAKA 6 Braidwood Experiment Details  People.  Location.  Layout.  Detectors.  R&D.  Schedule.

July 28, 2004Tim Bolton NUFACT OSAKA 7  ANL: M. Goodman, V. Guarino, D. Reyna  Chicago: E. Abouzaid, K. Anderson, E. Blucher, J. Pilcher, M. Worcester  Columbia: J. Conrad, J. Link, M. Shaevitz  FNAL: L. Bartoszek, D. Finley, H. Jostlein, C. Laughton, R. Stefanski  Kansas State: T. Bolton, J. Foster, G. Horton-Smith, D. Onoprienko, N. Stanton  Michigan: B. Roe  Oxford: S. Biller, N. Jelley  Pittsburgh: D. Naples, V. Paolone  Texas: J. Klein Midwest  13 Collaboration

July 28, 2004Tim Bolton NUFACT OSAKA 8 Location  <50 km from two US national labs: Fermilab + Argonne National Lab.  ANL has ~50 years of reactor expertise.

July 28, 2004Tim Bolton NUFACT OSAKA 9 Reactor Complex But:  Cost risk associated with “green field” site.  Reactor managment presently encouraging, but tough decisions lie ahead.

July 28, 2004Tim Bolton NUFACT OSAKA 10 Basic Scheme  One near detector at ~270m; at least two far detectors at ~1700m.  Near and far detectors at 450 mwe depth (if bore hole samples confirm).  Identical 6.5m diameter 3-zone (a la D-Chooz) spheres.  Gd-loaded LS fiducial in ton range, depending on buffer optimization.  LS  -catcher + non-scintillating buffer.  Passive and active external shielding.  Detectors fully constructed at surface sites.  Detectors lowered down shafts (a la KASKA).  Detectors movable via surface transport for cross calibration.

July 28, 2004Tim Bolton NUFACT OSAKA 11 Layout Schematic Note: reactor management has agreed to shorten near access tunnel length from 300m to 50m ($$$!).

July 28, 2004Tim Bolton NUFACT OSAKA 12 Aerial View

July 28, 2004Tim Bolton NUFACT OSAKA 13 Mechanical Conceptual Design  Lifting points allow full assembly at surface.  Permits far detectors to move to near site for cross calibration.

July 28, 2004Tim Bolton NUFACT OSAKA 14 “Hoist and Roll” Scheme  “Common” procedure in industry.  Considerably cheaper than tunneling.  Favorable terrain at Braidwood site using truck on gravel road or rails, depending on load stresses.  Clearly requires careful design/implementation studies (underway). Left: 750 ton test lift by crawler crane. Right: 200 ton drilling equipment on gantry + self-propelled platform trailer. (ALE Lastra).

July 28, 2004Tim Bolton NUFACT OSAKA 15 Hall Layout

July 28, 2004Tim Bolton NUFACT OSAKA 16

July 28, 2004Tim Bolton NUFACT OSAKA 17 Acrylic Sphere Support  Multiple <2.5 cm dia. Spacers.  Assumes simultaneous filling for neutral buoyancy.  Ongoing work at ANL, U. Chicago.

July 28, 2004Tim Bolton NUFACT OSAKA 18 Software  Parametric and full G4 hit-level simulations (D. Onoprienko).  Good agreement with Chooz measurements (after some pain).  Optimizing geometry (R FID vs. R  -C vs. R BUF ).

July 28, 2004Tim Bolton NUFACT OSAKA 19 Cost/Schedule  Detailed estimate prepared for underground construction at Braidwood site prepared by independent consultants (Hilton and Associates, Inc.).  Included civil construction; outfitting with pumps; elevators, ventilation, etc.; and decommissioning costs at experiment end.  Permanent surface structures, detectors not yet included.  Detail level sufficient for re-scaling to optimized layouts. First iteration: two 300 mwe shafts, different detector hall designs, 300m tunnel for near site access: $35M cost, 39 month construction schedule. Revised layout: considerably shortened near access tunnel, 450 mwe depth (160m rock+20m soil). Cost in $25-35M range, <24 month construction schedule.  Detector cost (from MiniBoone scaling) ~ $8M/detector.

July 28, 2004Tim Bolton NUFACT OSAKA 20 Summary  Compelling physics case for a sin 2 2  13 ≤0.01 experiment. Medium scale reactor best short-term choice. Importantly extends Double-Chooz capabilities (provide ~3×better sin 2 2  13 sensitivity; with LBL, resolve  degree reflection degeneracy; open new field of precision MeV physics.)  Braidwood site an attractive choice: High power modern reactor complex with cooperative management. Simple layout with deep near site and possibility of movable detectors. Access to national lab infrastructure.  Current status: Active lab + university-based R&D. Bore hole study at Braidwood soon that follows up detailed costing studies. Preparing R&D proposal this Fall towards full proposal in 2005.