Unit 2: Heat Chapter 4: Temperature describes how hot or cold an object is.

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Presentation transcript:

Unit 2: Heat Chapter 4: Temperature describes how hot or cold an object is.

 How does temperature affect your daily life?  Why do you feel warm playing outside on a cold winter’s day?

 How hot or cold something is

 The human body

 Boiling point of water  Freezing Point of water

 Comfortable room temperature

1. Galileo’s Air Thermoscope: As the air heats, the liquids drops and rises when air is cooled. Early Thermoscopes...

2. Early Liquid Thermometer: Liquid rising up the tube shows the temperature is rising.

Activity 4-1A “Building a Thermoscope” Page 121

 Scales are necessary for temperatures to be accurate and comparable.

3 commonly used scales are: 1. Fahrenheit 2. Celsius 3. Kelvin

 Developed by Gabriel Fahrenheit  The first to be widely used

0 o F was the coldest thing known in the lab (ice, salt, and water) 100 o F was considered to be body temperature

 Developed by Anders Celsius.  Based on the freezing and boiling points of water.

 0 0 C is the freezing point of water  100 o C is the boiling point of water

 Developed by William Thomson (Lord Kelvin)  Scale starts at the coldest temperature possible – absolute zero (-273 ˚ C)

1. The Liquid-in-glass Thermometer The lab thermometer contains colored alcohol rather than mercury for safety.

2. The Thermocouple  Made of two wires of different metals.  A temperature difference causes a current to flow through the wires. This current is measured by a meter.

 Can measure higher temperatures than typical thermometers.

3. The Resistance Thermometer Also called digital thermometers work using electricity

4. Bimetallic Strip (thermostat)  Made of two different metals fused together.  These metals expand and contract at different rates causing the strip to bend when heated.

Thermostat

Heating and Cooling a Bimetallic Strip

5. Infrared Thermometer (thermogram)  Converts infrared radiation (Heat) into colors that can interpret a temperature difference.

Can be used to measure heat loss in your home