The Bruker ICP-MS – a Versatile Tool for Sensitive and Interference Free Analysis of Different Matrices Title of sales presentation – Remarks: „Bruker Confidential“ needs to be erased (slide master!) for external use. 20.04.2017

Applications for ICP-MS Environmental Waters Analysis Drinking water Effluents from industrial sites Sea Water Analysis Most elements at ultra-trace levels Soil, Sediment and Land Site Contamination Trace and toxic elements Samples digested/leached in acids Agriculture and Food Food safety Toxic elements Pb, Cd, Hg, Cr, As Plants, Herbs Fertilizer, Animal Feed Food, Fruits and Beverages Toxic, essential and macrominerals Meats, Crops, Milk, Tea, Wine, Juice 20.04.2017

Applications for ICP-MS Clinical research Bloods, Serums, Urine, Tissues Complex matrix, viscous High levels of C, S, P, Na, Mg, Fe, Cl Trace, Toxic and Nutritional As, Pb, Tl, Th, Cd, Cr Se, Cu, Mn, Au, Pt I, Hg Geochemical Applications Soils Digestion required High TDS & matrix Rocks, Ceramics, Fly ash, Coal Possibly crushed & fused Al, Ca, Fe, K, Mg, Na, S, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, Zn Minerals and precious metals prospecting Gold and the PGEs (Pt, Pd, Rh, Ru, Ir and Os) Rare earth elements at trace levels 20.04.2017

Applications for ICP-MS Other Applications Industrial Cement and building products Nuclear Cooling water (10B/11B) Isotope ratios Forensic Gun powder residues Gold Characterization Purity Element fingerprinting to infer the origin of the material 20.04.2017

Diagram of ICP-MS Operations Vacuum Sample Detector Mass Analyser Ion Source Data Process 20.04.2017

ICP-MS Sample Preparation – Introduction Liquid samples (dilute), run Suspensions filtrate/digest, run Viscous samples dilute, run Powders and Solids digest (microwave), run S.G. P.G. A.G. N.G. Sample Flow To Waste P.G. – Plasma Gas A.G. – Auxiliary Gas N.G. – Nebulizer Gas S.G. – Sheath Gas 20.04.2017

High Performance Ion Optics 90 degree ion mirror Increased efficiency and sensitivity Reduced contamination Improved long term signal stability Simplified operation Maintenance-free Curved entrance rods Double off axis quadrupole Removes excited neutrals before they reach the quadrupole Lowest possible backgrounds Better detection limits

Ion Optics – working principle Ions Neutrals Photons 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Extract lens-1 Extract lens-2 Extract lens-3 Corner Lens Mirror lens (L, R, B) Entrance Lens Entrance Plate

Bruker ICP-MS - Low Noise Quadrupol 1 1 Entrance lense S-shaped pre-Quadrupol 2 2 3 3 MHz Quadrupol 3

Schematic of the Detector Operation Control Section Signal Output Quadrupole Gain Control Ion to e-Conversion Amplification e- + The detector coverts ions into electrical pulses. Adjustment of voltage applied to control dynode provides attenuation of final output signal.

9 Orders Linear Dynamic Range 10 ppt 100 1 ppb ppm 0.1 % Normal-sensitivity- Mode 1 MHz 1 GHz Ca-Conc. K-ConC. U - 1 ppb Cd - Limit TVO 5 ppb

Interference Management The CRI Technology Title of sales presentation – Remarks: „Bruker Confidential“ needs to be erased (slide master!) for external use. 12 12

Spectral Interferences in ICP-MS CRI reduce/remove common plasma based interferences Element Isotope Interfering ion Calcium 40Ca 40Ar+ Vanadium 51V 16O35Cl+ Chromium 52Cr 40Ar12C+ Iron 56Fe 40Ar16O+ Arsenic 75As 40Ar35Cl+ Selenium 78Se 40Ar38Ar+ 80Se 40Ar40Ar+

CRI – Collision Reaction Interface Operates on the plasma, NOT the ion beam Uses similar chemistry to collision cells, but under very different conditions of temperature and pressure

CRI Simple and Effective Simple collision and reaction gases (He and H2) are injected into the plasma as it passes through the cones… Interferences are attenuated, allowing lower detection limits and better accuracy for ‘difficult’ elements. e.g. As, Se, V, Cr, Ca, Fe, etc.

New and Improved CRI II Universal Mode CRI in ‘All He mode’ for all elements Faster and simpler methodology Caters to future USEPA 200.8 requirements Nitrox 500 for online addition of N2 -improves As & Se detection limits Multi-mode Using optimal CRI conditions for more complex matrices (H2, He) Clinical, semi-conductor, geochemical, etc…

Fe-analysis in Ca-matrix with CRI - H2 CaO (and ArO) interference on Fe

Bruker Quantum, ICP-MS Software Integrated LC-ICP-MS Integratede LA-ICP-MS

Aerosol dilution Minimizes sample preparation by extending matrix tolerance of ICP-MS For samples containing 0.2 to 4% Total Dissolved Solids Eg. seawater contains ~3.5% TDS Inline dilution via detuning of nebulizer efficiency & sheath gas dilution effect Achieve 10-fold dilution without additional sample prep Suitable for seawater, metals and mining, high TDS effluents

Auto-optimization of Aerosol Dilution Two dilution settings Low dilution 5-fold dilution Samples with ~1-2% TDS Metals and mining, effluents High dilution 10-fold dilution Samples with ~2-4% TDS Seawater 5-fold reduction in oxide interferences Rare Earths 20.04.2017

Typical Analysis Settings 0.1-0.3 L/min 0.8-1.1 L/min More efficient nebulization Low gas dilution

Aerosol Dilution Settings 0.8-1.1 L/min 0.1-0.3 L/min Less efficient nebulization High gas dilution Followed by automatic optimization of ion optic settings 20.04.2017

Seawater Analysis using Aerosol Dilution 20.04.2017

New! Nitrox 500 Gas Accessory Add N2 or O2 online to auxiliary gas 0-500 mL/min, computer controlled N2 for improved sensitivity and reduced interferences on As & Se 3-4 times sensitivity improvement lower DL’s for enviro applications O2 for organic solvents petrochemical applications

Summary Unmatched Sensitivity All-digital Detection System High efficiency ion mirror Excellent detection limits Attractive to laser ablation and niche application markets Only detector to offer 109 working range in pulse-counting (digital) mode. No cross-calibration of digital-analog modes required Simplified Interference Management Low Maintenance Design Innovative Collision-Reaction Interface (CRI) Removes interferences at plasma interface, not the ion beam Simplified setup and maintenance Hollow ion mirror design requires no cleaning No need for additional cleaning / replace of interference management technology 20.04.2017 25 25

www.bruker.com This is the last slide 20.04.2017 For research use only. Not for use in diagnostic procedures.