WORD ASSOCIATIONS NUMBER YOUR PAPER FROM 1 TO 10. WRITE DOWN THE FIRST FOOD WORD OR PHRASE THAT YOU THINK OF WHEN I SAY THE FOLLOWING:

1. BIRTHDAY 2. CHRISTMAS 3. FRIDAY NIGHT 4. SUNDAY MORNING 5. FRIDAY DURING LENT

6. THANKSGIVING 7. SNACK AFTER SCHOOL 8. TODAY’S BREAKFAST 9. SPECIAL TRADITION 10. ETHNIC FOOD

WHY WE EAT WHAT WE EAT 1. WE EAT FOR MANY REASONS OTHER THAN HUNGER a. CULTURAL b. SOCIAL c. PSYCHOLOGICAL d. PHYSICAL NEED AND WELLNESS

2. PHYSICAL NEED  FUEL FOR THE BODY SYSTEMS TO PERFORM VITAL FUNCTIONS a. RELIEVES HUNGER – PHYSICAL NEED FOR FOOD b. DO NOT EAT= INTENSE HUNGER, DIZZY, LIGHTHEADED, HEADACHE c. ANY FOOD WILL RELIEVE HUNGER. d. ONLY CERTAIN FOODS WILL SATISFY YOUR APPETITE

3. IMPROVES WELLNESS INCLUES PHYSICAL, MENTAL AND SOCIAL WELLNESS a. PHYSICAL –GROW AND DEVELOP NORMALLY - AVOID DISEASES - STRENGTH AND ENDURANCE b. MENTAL – ABLE TO HANDLE STRESS BY AVOIDING ILLNESS. GIVES YOU STRENGTH c. SOCIAL – STRONG AND ENERGETIC, PART OF A SOCIAL SETTING

4. CULTURAL a. CULTURE – THE CUSTOMS AND BELIEFS OF A RACIAL, RELIGIOUS, OR SOCIAL GROUP b. *YOU ARE A MEMBER OF MORE THAN ONE GROUP Examples? c. FIRST INFLUENCE IN THE US – NATIVE AMERICANS d. OTHER IMMIGRANTS ADDED INFLUENCE “MELTING POT” - MULTICULTURAL

e. NATIONAL ORIGIN – IMMIGRANTS BROUGHT RECIPES FOR NATIVE FOODS, BUT ADAPTED THEM WITH THE AVAILABLE INGREDIENTS f. RELIGION – CUSTOMS REGARDING FOODS AND HOW AND WHEN EATEN  EXAMPLES – NO MEAT ON FRIDAY  NO PORK  NO BEEF  FASTING

For each of the following foods, name the country or area that was the originator of that food or custom Choose from the following countries; England, Germany, Spain, Poland, China, Holland, Italy Or the following cultures: Jewish, Hindu, African Slaves, Native Indians,

1. COOKIES AND CAKES 2. OKRA 3. ORANGES 4. Pierogies 5. NO PORK

6. Sugar and wheat 7. Apples and pears 8. Sweet potatoes 9. Stir-fry 10. Sausage

11. Waffles 12. No beef 13. Olive Oil 14. Potatoes 15. Corn

16. Ice cream 17. Lo Mein

1. COOKIES AND CAKES -Holland 2. OKRA – African slaves 3. ORANGES - Spain 4. PIEROGIES - Poland 5. NO PORK - Jewish

6. Sugar and wheat - Spain 7. Apples and pears - England 8. Sweet potatoes – African slaves 9. Stir-fry- Chinese 10. Sausage - Germans

11. Waffles - Dutch 12. No beef - Hindu 13. Olive Oil – Spain & Italy 14. Potatoes - Native Americans 15. Corn – Native Americans

16. Ice cream - Italy 17. Lo Mein - Chinese

What is your culture?  What is a tradition from your family?  What is something your family does that other families may not do?  Are either of your parents (or any grandparents) from another part of the country?  What have you observed about another section of the country when you have traveled?  What is a family favorite food?  Does your family eat dinner together often?

5. SOCIAL INFLUENCES a. WE ASSOCIATE FOOD WITH SOCIAL SETTINGS, FOOD BECOMES THE SETTING – PREPARING AND EATING FOOD BRINGS PEOPLE TOGETHER b. FAMILY – ASSOCIATE FOOD WITH TRADITION *HAPPY OCCASSIONS *HOLIDAYS *PREPARING FOOD

FRIENDS INFLUENCE WHEN, WHAT, AND WHERE YOU EAT

6. PSYCHOLOGICAL FOOD SATISFIES CERTAIN EMOTIONAL NEEDS A. BABIES ASSOCIATE FOOD WITH LOVE AND WARMTH B. SMALL CHILDREN: FOOD = PLEASURE C. IF YOU HAVE PLEASANT MEMORIES OF A FOOD – YOU LIKE THAT FOOD D. UNPLEASANT MEMORIES = DISLIKE FOOD

7. FOOD EVOKES EMOTIONS WE MAY EAT WHEN WE ARE A. SAD, LONELY OR DEPRESSED B. MAY TAKE COMFORT IN FOOD (AND THUS OVEREAT) C. MAY EAT WHEN ANGRY, FRUSTRATED, OR STRESSED

8. FOOD IS PSYCHOLOGICALLY APPEALING A. APPEALS TO OUR SENSES B. PROVIDES SOCIAL CONTACT C. PREPARING FOOD GIVES US A SENSE OF SATISFACTION D. PROVIDES COMFORT AND CONVERSATION

9. TRENDS IN FOOD TRENDS IN CULTURE AND SOCIETY REFLECT CHANGING TRENDS IN FOOD AND FOOD SERVICE *HIGH UNEMPLOYMENT, HIGH GAS PRICES – LESS FAMILIES EATING OUT. SOME RESTAURANT CLOSURES, OTHER RESTAURANTS OFFERING LOW COST MENU ITEMS *MORE WORKING MOTHERS-MORE SHARING TASK OF COOKING *GREEN ENVIRONMENT *GREATER CONCERN ABOUT NUTRITION

10. SOCIETAL TRENDS TREND RESULT MORE SINGLES MORE SINGLE SIZE SIZES COOKING AS A PASTTIME COOKING SHOWS ETHNIC GROUPS MORE ETHNIC RESTAURANTS MEGA PORTIONS FATTER PEOPLE! DECREASE IN FAMILY TIME EAT AND GO FOOD, TAKE CARE OF SELF

Mass Media and Advertising  Various Techniques are used to get your attention, to encourage you to try new products, or to urge you to continue to buy known products. VGbIQ

 A. Humor – makes you laugh or feel good about a product pjaOUjUPUc

B. Nostalgia Technique Appeals to natural qualities or old fashioned goodness. “Good old days” Smuckers jams and jellies – Like Grampa used to make

C. Bandwagon – everybody’s doing it

D. Transfer Technique - Use of images – Luxury car in front of mansion, beautiful people having fun - FORD tough – trucks and jeeps Fame, wealth, beauty

E. Use target Audience - Product aimed at a particular market – teens, stay at home moms - Based on wants, needs, common interests - Fashion in Fashion Magazines - Cleaning supplies/diapers during afternoon – snacks on cartoon stations

F. Testimonials – use of celebrities to endorse a product… Do you really think that movie stars use Suave???

G. Other Techniques *Repetition- Will use the name of the product 4 or more times during the commercial. *Icons - what are some commonly used icons and slogans? *Wordless commercials

Commercials  Watch the following Super Bowl Commercials. For each indicate which techniques were used to influence the consumer.  SJreIA SJreIA  xH3tBw xH3tBw

12. Evaluating Information from the Media Ask Yourself  Who did the research  Was it a valid study  Who funded it  How did the results compare to other studies  Will it have a negative effect for certain people  Check the website – is it.com.edu.gov

13. Food Fallacies and Fads Fads are popular for a short time Example – Atkins diet Fallacies are commonly thought as true but are not (urban legends)

 Grapefruits burn fat  Celery is negative calories  Raw eggs build stronger bones  Shark cartilage builds bones  Always drink 8 glasses of water  Vitamin A is good for you so taking supplements is the best way to be healthy  Carbs are bad

14. Food Product Trends Consumer demand drives trends for new products. Recent trends in food production and development include 1. Functional/Healthy food a. Probiotics – found naturally or added to increase intestinal health – yogurt b. Antioxidants – protect cells from damage – Pomegrantes, blueberries, green teas. Found in drinks, juice bars, candies

c. Removing trans fats – Baked Lays d. Organic foods – produced without chemicals or preservatives 2. Convenience – lack of time to prepare food Food kits – taco kits, salad kits On the go food, replacement shakes and bars Single servings

3. Great Taste: There is an increased desire by consumers for food that is unusual and great tasting a. Exotic fruits – mangos, papaya, passion fruit b. Exotic cuisine – African, Vietnamese, Thai, Middle Eastern c. Gourmet Chocolate and gourmet coffees

15. WHAT AFFECTS OUR FOOD SUPPLY?  NAME RECENT EVENTS THAT MAY HAVE AN IMPACT ON THE SUPPLY OF FOOD a. WHAT IS AGRICULTURE? b. WHAT IS ENVIRONMENT ? c. HOW ARE THEY RELATED?  Agriculture is the use of knowledge and skill to tend soil, grow crops, and raise livestock. Needs a suitable environment  Environment - refers to air, water, soil, mineral resources, plants, and animals

 WHY DO SOME CROPS GROW BETTER IN KENTUCKY THAN IN MICHIGAN?  HOW DO WE GET FOODS EVEN WHEN THOSE FOODS AREN’T GROWN IN THIS AREA? WHAT AFFECTS THE PRICES OF THOSE FOODS?

16. WHAT AFFECTS THE COST OF FOOD? -Transportation costs -equipment -poor weather conditions -(early frost, no rain, too hot) - overworked soil -chemical usage -Disease and insects

17. GOVERNMENT AND FOOD a. LAWS - growing food, processing, packaging, handling, and labeling. Export and imported food b. USDA – US department of Agriculture FDA – Food and Drug Administration

18. ECONOMICS a. What is “supply and demand”? b. How do the eating habits of the US affect the eating habits of less wealthy nations? - US wants good coffee. Poor famer will grow coffee beans instead of crops for his family. Most of the money goes to the wealthy landowner - No money – can’t buy good seeds and fertilizers - Lack of education

19. TECHNOLOGY -3 AREAS a.Nutrient content  reduce fat and sugars, increase nutrients.  Increased use of whole grains  Less transfats  High use of hormones - being investigated  Fat replacers  Artificial sweetners that actually work like sugar  Watermelons without seeds

b.. Availability  How to increase crop production  How to grow plants larger and faster  Less diseases  Plants that can stand less desirable growing conditions

c. Safety  Improve packaging and handling  New preservation techniques  Foods that are less likely to transmit diseases