SAVE DROPS OF WATER TODAY, GIVE HOPES TO LEGACY OF TOMORROW -AFZAN-

‘Sigma Approach Web’ About Us Global Issue Focus i-DID : An Introduction i-DID : Project Planning i-DID : Design Concept and Prototype i-DID : Technical Analysis i-DID : Testing and Result i-DID : Cost Analysis i-DID : Future Improvement Conclusion Q & A

Approach One We are a clique of committed youngsters whom concern about mother earth. We are technical figures from different background whom love to contribute. We are SIGMA TEAM !!! About Us

Approach Two Facts and Numbers: 70% of Earth are covered by water A Malaysian use 226 liters of water per day A Singaporean use 154 liters of water per day Recommended water consumption per day is 165 liters per day (For Malaysian) Saving up to RM per month by practicing the above recommendation Every cycle of washing machine operation consumes at least liters of water 90% of the water amount above is under-heating Global Issue Focus OUR FOCUS Source: The Star, 22 March 2011

Approach Three Problem Statement Inefficient usage of washing machine with excessive water consumption for small quantity of subjects Problem on drying either new or used small sized item in proper manner and low-cost consumption High cost and energy consumption of modern dehumidifier i-DID : An Introduction ?

Approach Three Project Objectives The following objectives are designed as guideline to solve the stated problems: To provide a low-cost integration system which has similar output of washing machine and dryer. To design an eco-concern system with low risk to environment and consumer. To utilize new cheap and abundant natural resources as alternative of drying and dehumidifying method. i-DID : An Introduction

Approach Four Task Allocation i-DID : Project Planning PROJECT LEADER Public Relation Schedule Planning SECRETARY Project Documentation Presentation Mode RESEARCH & TEST ENGINEER Chemical Test & Analysis Resources Evaluation DESIGN ENGINEER I Prototype Fabrication Process Analysis DESIGN ENGINEER II Prototype Design Structural Analysis BUSINESS STRATEGIST Project Cost Analysis Business Planning

Approach Four i-DID : Project Planning

Approach Four i-DID : Project Planning SOFTWARE Microsoft Office Word Microsoft Office PowerPoint Microsoft Office Excel AutoCAD 2007 Google Sketch Up Adobe Photoshop CS4 Online Scientific Calculator HARDWARE Basic Tool Kit Jig Saw Machine (AC) Drilling Machine (AC and DC) Shearing Machine TIG Welding Machine Cutting Equipments Joining Components PROJECT COMPONENTS USED ELECTRICAL COMPONENT 12-V Rechargeable Battery Cooling Fan Exhaust Fan Dual Switches LED Indicator Soldering Equipment Circuit Board

Approach Five Competitive Values Design Concept Health and Safety Factor Eco-Concept Ergonomic i-DID : Design Concept and Prototype OUR ADVANTAGES Efficient Energy Consumption User-Friendliness Environmental-FriendlinessProcess Sustainability Multi-Purpose FeatureLow-Cost Factor

Approach Five Technical Design i-DID : Design Concept and Prototype

Approach Five i-DID : Design Concept and Prototype MAIN OPERATING SPACE Cooling Fans Exhaust Fan Hanger Rack DEHUMIDIFIER SPACE Charcoal Charcoal Holder Base CIRCUIT CENTRE 12-V Rechargeable Battery Circuit Board Switch & LED Indicator

Approach Five i-DID : Design Concept and Prototype COMPONEN T DESIGN JUSTIFICATION Structure Foundation Cover Poles Base Made up of aluminum. Aluminum has the properties as follow: Lightweight : Aluminum has one-third specific weight of steel High corrosion resistance: For sustainability, protection and conservation Impermeable: Do not allow light or taste go through Non-toxic: Do not release odor Transparent Perspex Allow user to see-through the process while the device is operating As part of health and safety factor Base WheelEase for mobility and user-friendliness factors Dual SwitchesHealth and safety factor and performance efficiency concern M-Shape Hanger Increase contact with surface area of the subject. High load capacity. Fans PositionGood coverage of air flow in the operating space

Approach Six The mechanism process flow of the device runs as follows: The cooling fans draw the external air into the main operating space. The air drawn cooling up the space, dry up the subject and vaporize the water from subject into air inside the operating space. The exhaust fan beneath the hanger draws the wet air/humidity in the operating space and channel them to dehumidifying component in other compartment. i-DID : Technical Analysis TECHNICAL ANALYSIS PROCESS THEORY TECHNICAL CALCULATION DEHUMIDI FYING COMPONE NT 1 PROCESS THEORY

Approach Six Device Mechanism The mechanism of the device: drying and dehumidifying Using Latent Heat of Vaporization Theory, following principles are benefited for the process within the device. i-DID : Technical Analysis

Approach Six 4 important terms to be well-comprehended: RPM (rotational per minute) – The angular speed of the fan or moving air CFM (cubic feet meter) – The air volume flow rate (either input or output) Air Changes Per Hour, N – The rate of air changes (input or output) in an hour period Operating Space Size – Size of main operating space where the process occurs The Fan Law stated that: i-DID : Technical Analysis 2 TECHNICAL CALCULATION

Approach Six Provided that formula shown is the Air Changes Per Hour, N The industrial standard has classified the normal air changes per hour for extremely damp or wet place as N=6. By substituting the values into the formula given, the value of Q obtained is CFM. Thus, Q=0.338 CFM is the minimum air flow rate required to have N=6 or 6 air changes per hour. At this rate, using the formula of Fan Law, the estimated speed obtained is RPM. i-DID : Technical Analysis

Approach Six Concerning the air flow rate, the CFM ratio is calculated to find the efficiency of the air flow rate. Thus, the flow rate efficiency ratio of the fan specification to the minimum requirement of flow rate for at N=6 is 46 times more efficient. With the specification of flow rate = CFM, air changes increase from N=6 to N=179 or approximately 3 air changes per minute. i-DID : Technical Analysis

Approach Six Objective: Amount of Energy Required (Per Unit Weight) of The Original Material Thus, at 0.3 kg mass of towel, i-DID : Technical Analysis

Approach Six Thus, moisture within 60 g dry area obtained: Amount of humidity needed to be eliminated: Calculating the energy (heat) required for vaporization process: i-DID : Technical Analysis

Approach Six Assumptions: saturation temperature of water = 100 Celsius and at standard atmospheric pressure. Thus, latent heat of vaporization of water = 2257 kJ/kg and specific heat capacity of cotton = 1162 J/(kg.C) Thus the energy required for vaporization process of water is kJ. Converting the value into hourly rate of power, the amount required to be overcame is kWh. i-DID : Technical Analysis

Approach Six  Cooling Capacity VS Latent Heat of Vaporization The energy required for vaporization process = kWh The average cooling capacity for each fan in used = 70 Watt Calculation: Estimated Hour of Usage = 1.25 hours, Thus, Hourly Rate of Power (Each Fan) = kWh Since two fans are in used, thus Hourly Rate of Power = kWh kWh is higher than kWh, thus the vaporization process is stable. i-DID : Technical Analysis

Approach Six  Device Power Consumption VS Other Device Power Consumption i-DID Power Consumption : 8.4 Watt or kWh per load Evaporative Cooler : 0.4 kWh per hour Washing Machine (Mechanical Operation) : kWh per load Washing Machine (Automatic, Heating Water Electrically) : 6.0 kWh per load Power saving per load between washing machine (mechanical operation) and i-DID is kWh. Considering both machines are used everyday per year, the power saving is kWh. i-DID : Technical Analysis

Approach Six Eliminate Mold and Humid Air Odour-Absorption Feature Cost-Saving Abundant Green Resource Low Risk Possibility i-DID : Technical Analysis 3 DEHUMIDIFYING COMPONENT WHY USE CHARCO AL ?

Approach Seven The completed prototype has been undergoing several types of testings to measure its performance in carrying out the assigned task. The tests that have been carried out are:  Dehumidifying Components Comparison Test  Device Performance Test  Voltage Volume Test i-DID : Testing and Result

Approach Seven  Dehumidifying Components Comparison Test i-DID : Testing and Result Test Description Test Procedure To measure the performance efficiency of different dehumidifying components of different portions at constant conditions All the tests are carried out simultaneously at the constant conditions (temperature, pressure, volume and humidity rate) Four different same-sized and covered box are arranged in proper manner. A small beaker of pure water (100% humidity) is allocated in each box. The volume of water is kept constant. Then, each box is assigned with different portions and types of dehumidifying components. All observations and data are recorded.

Approach Seven The data obtained are tabulated in table as follows: The efficiency percentage (%) = i-DID : Testing and Result

Approach Seven From the table, a dehumidifying components performance graph is constructed. i-DID : Testing and Result

Approach Seven Test Analysis Based on the test conducted: Rate of humidity absorption process in dehumidifying components are tested. 100% charcoal portion has the highest efficiency as a dehumidifying component with approximately 14.30%. The 100% charcoal portion is presented in form of granular and powder form in order to increase contact area with air. The efficiency of the 100% charcoal portion can be further increase by using driving force device such as fan or blower. i-DID : Testing and Result

Approach Seven  Device Performance Test i-DID : Testing and Result Test Description Test Procedure To measure the overall performance efficiency of the device in completing the assigned task The machine is setup with the charcoal supply. The machine is switched on for operation and left for 5 minutes for reaching stabilization. A small towel is prepared and original weight is recorded. The towel is wet up and the initial wet weight is recorded. The small towel is put and arranged into the main operating space. The top cover of the device is closed down to start the process. The weight of the towel is recorded in every 10- minutes interval. The experiment is carried out for one hour. All observations and data are recorded.

Approach Seven From the table, a device performance graph is constructed. i-DID : Testing and Result

Approach Seven Test Analysis The experiment is carried out in an-hour period to find the change in humidity (water absorbed) by the towel. After 60-minutes, the change of mass observed is 0.16 kg. As the mass of towel (0.1 kg) is kept constant, the mass of water in the towel has reduced from 0.2 kg to 0.04 kg. At 0.04 kg mass of water, the humidity is at 16 % compared to 0.2 kg mass of water (humidity is at 80%) In an hour the drying efficiency is estimated 80%. i-DID : Testing and Result

Approach Seven  Voltage Volume Test i-DID : Testing and Result Test Description Test Procedure To measure the DC power supply lifetime for every load or usage. The test is carried out at the constant conditions (temperature, pressure, volume and humidity rate) All switches are ensured to be switch on. Both ends of the DC power supply are connected with the multi-meter to find the current readings. The average current readings are taken by using a multi-meter. The data is calculated and analyzed to find the estimated life time period of a power supply.

Approach Seven Test Analysis Test result found that the process used an estimated amount of 0.7 ampere for each cycle run an hour. Provided that the rechargeable DC power supply runs 7.2 ampere, thus it is recommended the power supply to be recharged after 10-hours of usage. i-DID : Testing and Result

Approach Eight  PRODUCTION COST The production cost include materials cost and handling cost. The cost are calculated in both individual mean and mass production mean i-DID : Cost Analysis TECHNICAL ANALYSIS COST ANALYSIS PRODUCTION COST COSTS COMPARISON BUSINESS STRATEGY

Approach Eight The cost analysis as shown is considering mass production cost reduction factor, profit as well as the delivery cost. i-DID : Cost Analysis RM 125 ONL Y !!!

Approach Eight  COSTS COMPARISON i-DID : Cost Analysis

Approach Eight i-DID : Cost Analysis

Approach Eight Considering we have spent about a load per day for the unnecessary small items to be washed in laundry or washing machine, we have actually wasted not only energy, water resource but also our money estimated about $19O per year !! i-DID : Cost Analysis

Approach Eight  BUSINESS STRATEGY i-DID : Cost Analysis OUR CLIENTS

Approach Nine Multi towels to dry at the same time with same duration of drying time Increase the efficiency Reduce the duration of drying time (from currently 70 mins to 35 mins) For gym purpose, we can reduce our product in size and the duration of drying time is estimated 10 mins Include timerFor auto off purpose (oven concept) i-DID : Future Improvement

Approach Nine i-DID : Conclusion Minimum Power Consumptio n Minimum Cost BEST Output and BEST Product!!! i-DID achieve :- Long Sustainability Eco- Friendly Low Energy Consumption User-Friendly Lowest Cost

Approach Eleven Q & A Session