Voice of Engineer Presentation Design for Developing Nations Spring 2012

Table of Contents 1.Arborloo a.Function Tree b.Benchmarks c.Metrics and Specifications d.House of Quality e.Staffing Solution f.Customer Feedback 2.Pasteurizer a.Function Tree b.Benchmarks c.Metrics and Specifications d.House of Quality e.Staffing Solution f.Customer Feedback

Arborloo Functions

ARBORLOO BENCHMARKS

Metrics and Specifications Engineering Specification Derived from Customer Need Relative Importance Description Measure of Performance Engineering Units Ideal Value References ES1CN4, CN79 Support Weight (Mitigate risk of falling in) ForceNewtons [N]1,138 95th Percentile of Male Weight: 116 kg at Peak Weight [ art/men-weight-w.htm] ES2 CN8, CN10, CN17 3 Provide privacy to the user Height of Walls Centimeters [cm] th Percentile of height for females [ art/women-height- w.htm] ES3CN4, CN89 Provide a safe exit for the waste Hole in floor/base Centimeters [cm] <46 Sarah Brownell- Arborloo Expert ES4 CN4, CN8, CN10, CN17 3 Protect from mild weather conditions (rain, sun) Customer Satisfaction of Roof BinaryY/N

Constraints Constraint Derived from Customer Need Relative Importance Description 1CN19 Comparable to current cost of the Arborloo (<$50 w/ $100 as marginal) 2CN2, CN119,3Product made from locally available materials 3 CN3, CN14, CN20 9 Easily assembled and disassembled without electric tools in <1/2 day 4 CN5, CN9, CN13 9Easily moved between arborloo "holes" 5CN12, CN213 Easily moved from manufacturing location to "permanent" home location via donkey 6CN69 Survives a Hurricane (ex: easily disassembled walls and roof, semi- permanent design) 7 CN16, CN183Minimize odor and inhibit flies (ex: organic matter into hole) 8 CN19 1Make structure/platform aesthetic/modern looking 9 CN15 3The structure/base must be easily cleaned and maintained

VOC to VOE Needs and SpecsES1ES2ES3ES4 CN1* CN2* CN3* CN49 93 CN5* CN6* CN79 CN8 393 CN9* CN CN11* CN12* CN13* CN14* CN15* CN16* CN CN18* CN19* CN20* CN21* *Customer need is addressed in constraints

Customer Feedback ES1: “Mitigate risk of falling might also be related to hole size/shape, not just support weight... keep children from falling through?” Constraint 2: “don't specify locally available. I want them to compare local and manufactured materials.” “… not sure you need CN9 if you have CN12.” “CN5 could specify ‘by 4 people or less’ to combine with CN13, CN19.” “CN21 should have higher value/weight, maybe even 9...as this is the area where the team will need to be most innovative.”

Pasteurizer Function

PASTEURIZER BENCHMARKS PRODUCTEnclosed BinsRolling BinsCompost TumblersWorm Bins Overview Uses redworms to compost waste that results in "worm castings" Cost Material Best forGrowers with limited space. Homeowners with a lot of space Homeowners with limited space and willing to invest in a compost bin Homeowners and apartment dwellers with limited space ProsLow MaintenanceLow maintenanceEnergy-efficientCan be located anywhere Lid keeps rain off compost and deters animals Easy to aerate the pile Require little maintenance Lid keeps rain off compost and deters animals Supplies bacteria with necessary oxygen and speeds up decomposition Can be used year around Lid keeps rain off compost and deters animals ConsSlower compostingFully loaded bins are heavy and difficult to handle Once decomposition begins you cannot put any more material in them Temperatures are critical to worm survival (40-80 F) Six month to two year cycle Referencehttp:// ing101.com/compo st-bins.html ing101.com/compo st-bins.html ng101.com/compost -bins.html ting101.com/comp ost-bins.html

Arborloo Benchmarks PASTEURIZER BENCHMARKS PRODUCTHeap or PilePit CompostingGreen Cone Solar Composter Overview Uses a shallow pit in the ground (18" deep by 3' wide and as long as preferred) Uses solar heat to compost material Cost $165 Material Recycled Plastic Best forPeople with adequate outdoor space and willing to invest time People who want to contain and shelter the compost pile ProsCheap Small, Light weight Produces high temperatures Long Life Span Relatively quick decomposition Material Faster composting ConsCan take a long time to decompose Requires regular maintenance Price Requires manual aerationCannot contain massive amounts of organic waste at one time Not enclosed and can attract pests Referencehttp:// mpost-bins.html com/compost-bins.html Green-Cone-Solar- Digester-System.html

Metrics and Specifications Engineering Specification Derived from Customer Need Relative Importance Description Measure of Performance Engineering Units Marginal Value Ideal ValueSource ES1CN29 Provide heat to waste using solar energy in order to kill pathogens Temperature, Time °F, hours See attached table. Refer to Humanure Handbook for more details Humanure Handbook ES2CN49 Vent combustive gases in order to prevent explosions Amount of methane inside chamber ppm50,000 Less than 30,000 nswers/chemicals/chem_ profiles/methane/health_ met.html ES3CN19 Contain pathogens, do not allow unsafe leakage of untreated wastes Is there leakage? Binary (Yes/No) No ES4CN49 Temperature of the access door (or handle of the access door) Temperature°F120°F Less than 100 °F du/SeniorProjects/2004. ME/arthurk2/Background. htm ES5CN59 The product must be able to withstand an outdoor environment Does rain water leak into the chamber Binary (Yes/No)

Metrics and Specifications Engineering Specification Derived from Customer Need Relative Importance Description Measure of Performance Engineering Units Marginal Value Ideal ValueSource ES6CN53 The product must be able to withstand an outdoor environment Does the product withstand outdoor wind mph20 mph25 mph ing.tumblr.com/ ES7CN7, CN83 Customer must be able to easily add, stir (optional) and remove waste Time to add, stir and remove material minutes15 minutesless than 5 minutes ES8CN103Volume of productVolumeLiters 1L per person per day* oads/media/Compost ingLoos.pdf ES9 CN11, CN12, CN13 1 Waste must be turned to useable fertilizer** Is fertilizer made? Binary (Yes/No) Yes ES10CN149Minimize Smell Does the product smell bad? Survey 80% think its ok 90% think its ok ES11CN29 Does the entire sample of human waste contain safe pathogen levels? Test for pathogen level See attached table. Refer to Humanure Handbook for more details Humanure Handbook Table 7.2

Metrics and Specifications Temperature (F)Time 1221 day week month

Constraints ConstraintDerived from Customer Need Relative Importance Description 1CN39 Keep total cost of manufacturing and shipping product less than $100 2CN3, CN6, CN93 Product made from locally available materials 3CN6, CN103 No electric tools must be required to assemble, disassemble or repair the product 4CN103 The assemble time of the product should be less than 6 hours

VOC to VOE Needs and Specs ES1ES2ES3ES4ES5ES6ES7ES8ES9 CN1 9 CN2 9 CN3* CN4 9 9 CN5 9 CN6* CN7 3 CN8 3 CN9* CN10* 3 CN11 1 CN12 1 CN13 1 CN14 1 * Customer need is addressed in constraints

Customer Feedback ES3: "contain pathogens, do not allow unsafe leakage of untreated wastes." – “…and I don't want to limit their creativity.” ES7: “... Preferably, you wouldn't have to stir.” ES8: “the spec should be higher if 0.5 L is the volume of the human waste… will be mixed with … cover material” ES9: “I'm not expecting the pasteurizer to make compost … we could possibly approximate with a simpler e coli test.”

Staffing Solution ProjectMEISEEECEChEBioEIDOtherTotalBRIEF Mission Statement R12401 Arborloo (Imported Materials) 31 CivTech5The Arborloo is constructed using materials from outside of Haiti and imported into the country. R12401 Arborloo (Domestic Materials) 21CivTech4The Arborloo is constructed using domestic materials within Haiti. R12401 Pasteurizer (Low Temp) 2114The pasteurizer functions at low temperatures (40 o C - 50 o C). R12401 Pasteurizer (High Temp) 2114The pasteurizer functions at high temperatures (50 o C - 70 o C). R12401 Composter21 1 4The composter will compost raw materials (including human waste). Team Leader Structural Engineer Interface Engineer Thermal Engineer Sanitation Engineer Facilitator

List of PRPs Imported Materials Arborloo – Jordan Arborloo Toilet Design With Domestic Materials- Kylie Low Temperature Human Waste Pasteurizer - Kevin High Temperature Human Waste Pasteurizer - Avash Human Waste Thermophilic Composter for Developing Nations - Andrew

Questions? Thank You!