Genes, Evolution and Behavior

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Presentation transcript:

Genes, Evolution and Behavior How does genetic predisposition influence behavior?

Behavior Genetics Behavior Genetics study of the relative power and limits of genetic and environmental influences on behavior

Genes: Their Location and Composition Nucleus Chromosome Gene Cell DNA

Genes: Our Biological Blueprint Chromosomes threadlike structures made of DNA that contain the genes DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) complex molecule containing the genetic information that makes up the chromosomes has two strands-forming a “double helix”- held together by bonds between pairs of nucleotides

Genes: Our Biological Blueprint biochemical units of heredity that make up the chromosomes a segment of DNA capable of synthesizing a protein

Dominant and Recessive Genes Her T Mo Dominant and Recessive Genes Fathers two Genes M O T H E R G N e F1 F2 F1M1 F2M1 F1M2 F2M2 M1 M2

Finger length etc Ring finger vs. Forefinger -Draw a line Results Short forefinger is recessive in females More males have short forefingers Thumb bend? “prayer hands”

Taste Sensitivity- PTC & Sodium Benzoate Results… If you have the recessive gene-no taste Approx- 70 % taste -30 % No Taste (must be own saliva) SB- 1) Bitter-salty * 2) Bitter-sweet 3)Bitter-Bitter 4) Tasteless-salty * Like spinach, turnips, sauerkraut….

Behavior Genetics Identical Twins Fraternal Twins Same sex only Same or opposite sex Identical Twins develop from a single fertilized egg that splits in two, creating two genetically identical organisms Fraternal Twins develop from separate eggs genetically no closer than brothers and sisters, but they share the fetal environment

Behavior Genetics Temperament Interaction a person’s characteristic emotional reactivity and intensity Interaction the effect of one factor (such as the environment) depends on another factor (such as heredity)

Minnesota Twins Study Striking Similarities “Body Double” Film

Evolutionary Psychology Natural Selection the principle that, among the range of inherited trait variations, those that lead to increase reproduction and survival will most likely be passed on to succeeding generations Mutation a random error in gene replication that leads to genetic damage

Are our preferences inherited? Survey #1 Results ( board) Survey # 2