The War in the Pacific.

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Presentation transcript:

The War in the Pacific

Japan Iwo Jima Okinawa Midway Leyte Gulf Hawaii Guadalcanal Coral Sea

Pearl Harbor – Dec. 7th, 1941

Review: Why attack the USA at Pearl Harbor?

Attack on the Philippines “I Shall Return” March, 1942 - Philippines Japan attacks the Philippines to try to rid the US from the region. Bataan Death March 76,000 American refugees taken prisoner, forced to march 60 miles to prison camps without food or water. 10,000 die 15,000 die in prison camps

The Doolittle Raid April, 1942 – Doolittle Raid Small scale bombing raid on Tokyo Does not cause much damage, but is a huge morale booster for U.S.

Battle of Coral Sea May 1942 – Coral Sea Battle of Coral Sea After fall of Dutch East Indies (Indonesia) Japan is looking to invade Australia Battle of Coral Sea Planes on both sides bombed aircraft carriers. *First naval battle completely between aircraft carriers that weren’t within sight of each-other. Ended in a draw. But, it stops Japanese expansion into Australia.

The Turning Point June 1942 - Midway Aug 1942 – Feb 1943 – Guadalcanal Japan is looking to “finish off” the US Pacific fleet. US suffers heavy losses at first, but ultimately sinks all four Japanese carriers. Allied victory - Go on offensive Aug 1942 – Feb 1943 – Guadalcanal First Allied victory on Japanese-held soil. Fierce jungle combat between Marines and Japanese on interior of island. 5 months!

Island Hopping US strategy to attack specific crucial islands. Cuts off supplies.

Meanwhile, Carpet Bombing Japan =Dropping many bombs over a large area to destroy an entire region In one such raid on Tokyo in March of 1945, 279 US B-29 Bombers destroyed 267,000 buildings, killing 100,000 people and destroying 25% of Tokyo.

Taking Back the Philippines Oct 1944 – Dec 1944 – Leyte Gulf U.S. assault to take back Philippines Largest air and naval encounter in history Japanese utilize Kamikazes U.S. victory. Do not officially take all of Philippines until June 1945. Nearly destroy entire Japanese navy

Iwo Jima Feb 1945 - Iwo Jima Fighting intensified as US Troops got closer to Japan. Iwo Jima is considered Japanese soil. Lasts 74 days US drops 20,000 bombs 25,000 US casualties 22,000 Japanese casualties Only 218 Japanese taken prisoner

Okinawa March 1945 – June 1945 - Okinawa Last obstacle to an invasion of the Japanese mainland. 100,000 Japanese defenders vow to fight to death. 1,300 warships, 180,000 combat troops invade. 50,000 US casualties Only 7,200 Japanese POWs

Invasion of Japan?

The Fears of Invading Japan Bushido (the warrior way) – this samurai way influenced how the Japanese fought until death Conventional bombing was not working (100,000 civilians killed in Tokyo) Our losses were mounting as well as time spent fighting was growing

Hiroshima August 6th, 1945 the Enola Gay dropped the world’s first atomic bomb on the city of Hiroshima About 50,000 people were instantly killed Within a month or two up to 100,000 more died of radiation poisoning, burns, or sickness

The Effects Before After

Nagasaki August 9th, 1945, the Bockscar dropped the second atomic bomb (a fusion bomb) 35,000 people were instantly killed with 35,000 more dying with a few weeks! Two more bombings were planned but the Japanese surrendered on August 15th, 1945 (V-J Day) and since then a nuclear bomb has not been detonated in aggression The US made over 31,000 more by 1967 conducting over 1,000 test detonations!