Future Funding and the NDLTD Vision St. Petersburg March 18, 2000 Third International Symposium on Electronic Theses and Dissertations Edward A. Fox Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA

The Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations NDLTD Leader of the Worldwide ETD (Electronic Thesis and Dissertation) Initiative Training Authors Expanding Access Preserving Knowledge Improving Graduate Education Enhancing Scholarly Communication Empowering Students & Universities

Grad Program Library IT Ed Tech

Acknowledgements (Selected, VT) F Sponsors: ACM, Adobe, IBM, Microsoft, NSF, OCLC, US Dept. of Education, … F Co-PIs: John Eaton, Gail McMillan F Faculty/Staff: Anthony Atkins, Thomas Dunbar, Gwen Ewing, Peter Haggerty, Gary Hooper, Len Peters, James Powell  Students: Emilio Arce, Fernando Das Neves, Brian DeVane, Robert France, Marcos Goncalves, Scott Guyer, Robert Hall, Neill Kipp, Paul Mather, Tim McGonigle, Todd Miller, Constantinos Phanouriou, William Schweiker, Ohm Sornil, Hussein Suleman, Patrick Van Metre, Laura Weiss

Acknowledgements (Selected) F Conference Sponsors: Adobe, CGS, Dell, Macromedia, Microsoft, USF, Xerox F Conference Planning Committee: Lisle Brown, Joan Dalton, John Eaton, Ilene Frank, John Hagen, Dale Johnson, Joan Lippincott, Amy Marr, Gail McMillan, Monica Metz-Wiseman, Philip Potter, Peter Syverson, Larry Tague F Conference Chair: Joe Moxley F USF Team: Terry Beavers, Bruce Cochrane, Rosann Collins, Ilene Frank, Monica Metz- Wiseman, Anita Callahan, …

Outline F DLs (technology base on campuses) F Growth F NUDL, OAI – international cooperative and new era in scholarly communication F NDLTD, Inc. – sustainable services F GSDI – preparing and empowering

A Digital Library Case Study F Domain: graduate education, research F Genre:ETDs=electronic theses & dissertations F Submission: F Collection: Project: Networked Digital Library of Theses & Dissertations (NDLTD)

F Aiding universities to enhance graduate education, publishing and IPR efforts F Helping improve the availability and content of theses and dissertations F Educating ALL future scholars so they can publish electronically and effectively use digital libraries (i.e., are Information Literate and can be more expressive) What are we doing?

Digital Libraries SGML (1985) PDF (1992) NSF DLI (1994) Library Cancellations (1988) University Scholarly Electronic Pub. (1988) Info. Literacy (1995) Improving Education Internet (1984) WWW (1994) Multimedia (1986)

Key Ideas: Networked infrastructure Scalability Education is the rationale University collaboration Workflow, automation Authors must submit Maximal access PDF, SGML, MM Standards Federated search 8th graders vs. grads MARC, DC, URNs

User Search Support (multilingual, XML) Note: All groups shown are connected with NDLTD.

F James Powell student project, D-Lib Magazine description in Sept F XML description of each site –type of search engine / service –language –coverage (for resource discovery) F Adding Z39.50 gateway capability and integrating with MARIAN, along with Harvest and Open Archives protocols (according to Santa Fe Convention) – see

Access Possibilities Web search engines library catalog clients www. theses. org www. openarchives. org 3 rd Party Services (e.g., Bell & Howell) Virginia Tech National Library of Portugal CBUC (Spain) Ohio Link MITNational Projects: AU, GE, …

PetaPlex F Digital Library Machine (“super” object store) F Parallel computer / storage utility for terabytes to petabytes F Knowledge Systems Incorporated is supplying VT-PetaPlex-1 with –high speed backbone connection –2.5 terabytes through 100 nodes : u Net connection + 25GB disk MHz Pentium + Linux

How does this relate to UMI? F 1987 UMI workshop to explore ETDs F Support letter for US Dept. of Ed. proposal F Steering committee membership F ProQuest Direct pilot of scanning works started 1/1/97, free 2 yr access to front part F Collaborating on: – accepting electronic author submissions – standards (e.g., representation)

ETD Initiative (and UMI) Students Learn about DL, EPub TDs become more expressive N. Amer. (T)Ds are accessible, archived Global TDs become more accessible, archived UMI Universities

Outline F DLs (technology base on campuses) F Growth F NUDL, OAI – international cooperative and new era in scholarly communication F NDLTD, Inc. – sustainable services F GSDI – preparing and empowering

US University Members (41) F U. of Florida F U. of Georgia F University of Hawaii, Manoa F U. of Iowa F U. of Kentucky F U. of Maine F U. of North Texas – required since 8/99 F U. of Oklahoma F U. of South Florida F U. of Tennessee, Knoxville F U. of Tennessee, Memphis F U. of Texas at Austin F U. of Virginia F U. Wisconsin - Madison F Vanderbilt U. F Virginia Commonwealth U. F Virginia Tech - required since 1/97 F West Virginia U. - required fall 1998 F Western Michigan U. F Worcester Polytechnic Inst. F Air University (Alabama) F Baylor University F Brigham Young University F Caltech F Clemson University F College of William & Mary F Concordia University (Illinois) F East Carolina University F East Tenn. State U. – require fall 2000 F Florida Institute of Tech. F Florida International University F George Washington University F Marshall University (W. Va.) F Miami U. of Ohio F MIT F Michigan Tech F Naval Postgraduate School (CA) F North Carolina State U. F Penn. State University F Rochester Institute of Tech. F U. of Colorado Health Science Center

Institutional Members F Coalition for Networked Information (CNI) F Committee on Institutional Cooperation (CIC) F Diplomica.com F Dissertation.com F Dissertationen Online (Germany) F Ibero-American Science & Technology Education Consortium (ISTEC, F National Library of Portugal (for all universities) F Organization of American States (SEDI/OAS) F UNESCO (

Australian Project Members F U. New South Wales (lead institution) F U. of Melbourne F U. of Queensland F U. of Sydney F Australian National University F Curtin U. of Technology F Griffith U.

German Project Members F Humboldt University (lead institution) F 3 other universities F 5 learned societies –Mathematics, Physics, Chemistry, Sociology, Education F 1 computing center F 2 major libraries

CBUC ( Spain) F Consorci de Biblioteques Universitàries de Catalunya, as group, with 9 members: –Universitat de Barcelona –Universitat Autonòma de Barcelona –Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya –Universitat Pompeu Fabra –Universitat de Girona –Universitat de Lleida –Universitat Rovira i Virgili –Universitat Oberta de Catalunya –Biblioteca de Catalunya

Other International Members F Chinese University of Hong Kong F Chungnam National U., Dept of CS (S. Korea) F City University, London (UK) F Darmstadt U. of Tech. (Germany) F Free University of Berlin (Germany - Vet. Med.) F Gyeongsang National U. (Korea) F India Institute of Technology, Bombay (India) F Nanyang Technological U. (Singapore, part) F National U. of Singapore (Singapore, part) F Polytechnic University of Valencia (Spain) F Rhodes U. (South Africa) F St. Petersburg St. Tech.U (Russia) F Univ. de las Américas Puebla (Mexico) F Univ. of Alicante (Spain) F Univ. of Pisa (Italy) F U. Laval; U. of Guelph; U. Waterloo; Wilfrid Laurier U. (Canada), …

What are the long term goals? F 400K US students / year getting grad degrees are exposed / involved F 200K/yr rich hypermedia ETDs that may turn into electronic portfolios F Dramatic increase in knowledge sharing: lit. reviews, bibliographies, … F Services providing lifelong access for students: browse, search, prior searches, citation links

Economic Considerations F Collect modestly ($20) for archiving F PDF is a published de facto standard F Free access to ETDs saves student researchers hundreds of dollars as study more related TDs F Consider big picture: –$1B/yr invested on students who produce TDs –Per student that is over $10,000 –ETDs have 10 to 1000 times the audience F If done right, ETD initiatives will save $ F Perspective: 1 Gbyte/year, DL seed on campus

Objectives F Increase number of ETDs per year F Increase number of NDLTD members F Increase number of ETDs per campus F Improve quality of ETDs F Enabling standards (Berlin, May 10-12) F Enabling tools and services F Enabling educational resources

Continuing Growth F F Speaker list and circuit F University -> City -> State -> Region F State networks (library, networking) F University consortia (CIC) F National libraries (Portugal) F Plug and Play NDLTD Server F Awards for best ETDs

Outline F DLs (technology base on campuses) F Growth F NUDL, OAI – international cooperative and new era in scholarly communication F NDLTD, Inc. – sustainable services F GSDI – preparing and empowering

NUDL F 1/15/99 NUDL proposal to NSF under DLI2 international program –VT: Library, Grad School, Industrial&Systems Eng. –Partners: UK (2), Singapore, Russia, Korea, Greece, Germany, plus Iberoamerican group (Spain, Portugal, Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Mexico) –Problems: Multilingual search, multimedia submissions, requirements/usability, … F Start with ETDs, then expand to other student works, portfolios, data sets, (CS) courseware,...

NUDL Partners F Ricardo A. Baeza-Yates, Universidad de Chile, Chile F José Luis Brinquete Borbinha, Biblioteca Nacional, Portugal F José Hilario Canós Cerdá, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Spain F Stavros Christodoulakis, Technical University of Crete, Greece F Lautaro Guerra Genskowsky, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa Maria,Chile F Juan José Goldschtein, Univesidad de Belgrano, Argentina F Peter Diepold, Humboldt University, Germany F Francisco Javier Jaén Martinez, Spain F Sung Hyon Myaeng, Chungnam National University, Korea F Ana Maria Beltran Pavani, Prédio Cardeal Leme, Brazil F Lim Ee Peng, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore F Alexander I. Plemnek, St.-Petersburg State Technical University, Russia F J. Alfredo Sánchez, Universidad de las Américas-Puebla, Mexico

For professional societies F Like “writing across the curriculum” F Besides writing: computing/communications, information literacy, personal digital library management, tool use, research methods, collaboration, archiving/preservation F Data sets, communities of users of them F Classification systems / browsing / searching F NRC’s “On becoming a researcher”

Open Archives Initiative (OAI) F Santa Fe meeting, Oct , 1999, protoproto F Next mtg June 3, San Antonio, between HT’00 & DL’00 F LANL, CNI, DLF, Mellon, … F Convention (see Feb. D-Lib Magazine article) F Archives -> Open Archives –Support unique archive identifiers –Implement Open Archives Metadata Set (DC-based, using XML) –Implement Dienst harvesting interface –Register the archive F Build tools, layer other services: linking, searching, …

Approaches to Open Archives Build By Discipline Build By Institution Author Category Interdisciplinary Year Language Query …

Outline F DLs (technology base on campuses) F Growth F NUDL, OAI – international cooperative and new era in scholarly communication F NDLTD, Inc. – sustainable services F GSDI – preparing and empowering

Accessibility Activities / Plans F Interface design (simple, 3D, VR) F Usability studies F Generic multi-lingual support F Support for those with disabilities F Hybrid collection (paper, MARC, abstracts, full-text, multimedia) F Disciplinary classifications, tools F Visualization of results, collection

Extending Services - 1 of 2 F Working with publishers to increase level of access as much as possible F Interoperability tests among universities and other interested partners to provide integrated services F Study with testbed that emerges, to improve information retrieval, browsing, interface, and other types of user support -> NSF, DFG, … F Evaluation, improving learning experience, spread to worldwide initiative, sustainable support and coordination -> FIPSE, foundations, …

Extending Services - 2 of 2 F Adding services currently prototyped –annotation and SDI (routing) capabilities –Dublic Core metadata, crosswalk to MARC –support for XML, *ML, preservation –harvesting, federated search F Adding other services planned –building/using citation DB (CiteSeer, SFX) –implementing plagiarism check (like “SCAM”)

Sustainability F Continuing growth, with critical mass targeted within 2-3 years F Developing NDLTD as a sustainable self governing global institution F Evolving into a federated member- funded organization –mirroring/replication/access –developing/sharing standards/practices –clearinghouse with tools and translation

Outline F DLs (technology base on campuses) F Growth F NUDL, OAI – international cooperative and new era in scholarly communication F NDLTD, Inc. – sustainable services F GSDI – preparing and empowering

GSDI F Graduate Student Development Initiative F Recall Faculty Development Initiative F Extending efforts of CGS, CSGS F Cast according to the campus, regional and national approaches to graduate education

GSDI Themes F Ongoing training/education/evaluation F Preparing scholars F Preparing innovators/leaders F Improving communication/writing F IT literacy -> knowledge & skills –Digital libraries –(Electronic) publishing

ETD as Interface to Research F Supporting –Communication/Collaboration –Organization/Understanding/Education F Artifacts –Document, Database, Hyperbase –Simulation, VR, Active object –Literature review, Citation DB –Knowledge structure

Moving ETDs into the Future F Preservation –Importance based (core / transient) –Aiding discovery, reuse F Integrating with scholarly communications enterprise F Integrating with students’ ongoing research, teaching, evolution

Remember! F DLs (technology base on campuses) F ETDs (growing initiative – act now!) F NUDL, OAI (help establish international cooperative and new era in scholarly communication) F NDLTD - improved graduate education! –federation to join and support! –