Japan Strikes in the Pacific

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Presentation transcript:

Japan Strikes in the Pacific Chapter 16, Section 2

Japan Seeks a Pacific Empire Japan started expanding in 1931 (Manchuria) By August of 1940 America could read Japanese messages They knew that Japan wanted to conquer European colonies there Japan decided to launch a massive attack all around the Pacific

Surprise Attack Isoroku Yamamoto argued that the American fleet a Pearl Harbor must be destroyed December 7, 1941 this event took place In just TWO hours the Japanese had sunk and damaged 18 ships, including 8 battleships They killed close to 2,400 Americans

Surprise Attack Pearl Harbor was just the first of many attacks They took Guam and Wake Island (US) Philippines (US) Hong Kong (GB) Dutch East Indies Burma In the end Japan had taken more than 1 Million square miles of land

Surprise Attack Native people received brutal treatment by the Japanese 150,000 prisoners took the Bataan Death March I was questioned by a Japanese officer who found out that I had been in a Philippine Scout Battalion. The [Japanese] hated the Scouts…Anyway, they took me outside and I was forced to watch as they buried six of my Scouts alive. They made the men dig their own graves, and then had them kneel down in a pit. The guards hit them over the head with shovels to stun them and piled earth on top

The Allies Strike Back America declares war on Japan December 8, 1941 Germany declares war on America December 11 America wanted to “get back” at Japan They launch the Doolittle Raids 16 B-25 bombers hit targets in Japan then crashed in China The raids did little damage physically but had psychological effect

The Allies Turn the Tide of War The Japanese had grown too large, too quick The Battle of Coral Sea America and Australia VS Japan It was a naval battle over an air base in New Guinea. The air base would allow Japan to strike Australia It was planes against ships The Allies lost more ships but stopped the expansion south

Battle of Midway Island midway between Japan and USA US breaks a Japanese code and Chester Nimitz races to Midway 150 Japanese ship with Yamamoto Nimitz was out numbered 4::1 (ship & plane) Nimitz waited for the attack to begin and sent planes to destroy the enemy 332 planes, all 4 aircraft carriers and a support ship were lost

Allies on the Offensive The Battle of Midway - “the American have avenged Pearl Harbor” Douglas MacArthur – commander of land forces in the Pacific Island-Hopping: Bypass strongpoint islands and capture ones closer to Japan, then starve the strongpoints out

Battle of Guadalcanal First action in the island-hopping campaign The Japanese were building and airfield on Guadalcanal So the Americans invaded the island August 7, 1942 Both the Americans and Japanese poured troops onto the island After losing 23,000 troops, in February 1943 the Japanese abandoned the battle When a war correspondent was asked about Guadalcanal he simply stated “Hell”