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2 Avon High School Tech Crew Agenda Old Business –Delete Files New Business –Week 10 Topics: Coming up: –Yearbook Picture: Feb 7 12:20PM in Main Gym –JVS Open House: Feb 10th 1:30-3:30PM, OH RT58. »Tours, teachers, and some students will be available –Guest Speaker: Feb 12th –Hyland Field Trip: Feb 21 st Linux Intro (continued)

3 Avon High School Tech Crew CLOUD DATA & DATABASES APP DEVELOPMENT GRAPHICS GAMING PERIPHERALS NETWORK LANGUAGES OPERATING SYSTEM Future Meeting Preview STORAGE CPU MEMORY GRAPHICS I/O NETWORK VIRTUAL

4 Avon High School Tech Crew New Business Intro to Linux –Basic Commands –Install Additional Software –Practice Exercises

5 Avon High School Tech Crew Basic Commands Commands take the following form: Switches: single letters, preceded by a hyphen, that adjust what the command does Parameters: things that the command needs to know in order to work Target: the thing (such as a file) that the command will be applied

6 Avon High School Tech Crew Basic Commands Let’s look at an example: $ ls -l /home/seighman Command Switch Target This command tells the command line to list, in long format, the contents of the directory “/home/seighman”. The command is “ls”; the switch “-l” tells Linux that you want the list in long format; and the target of this command is the directory “/home/seighman”. In this example, there are no parameters, so that part of the command is just skipped

7 Avon High School Tech Crew Basic Commands - man So, how do I know what switch to use? –manpages are your friend $ man ls LS(1) User Commands LS(1) NAME ls - list directory contents SYNOPSIS ls [OPTION]... [FILE]... DESCRIPTION List information about the FILEs (the current directory by default). Sort entries alphabetically if none of -cftuvSUX nor --sort is specified

8 Avon High School Tech Crew Basic Commands pwd ls cd mkdir rmdir

9 Avon High School Tech Crew Basic Commands 2 file touch cp rm mv rename

10 Avon High School Tech Crew Basic Commands 3 ifconfig ping

11 Avon High School Tech Crew Basic Commands 3 - ifconfig $ ifconfig eth0 View the network settings on the first Ethernet adapter installed in the computer. $ ifconfig -a Display info on all network interfaces on server, active or inactive. $ ifconfig eth0 down If eth0 exists would take it down causing it cannot send or receive any information

12 Avon High School Tech Crew Basic Commands 2 - ifconfig $ ifconfig eth0 up If eth0 exists and in the down state would return it back to the up state allowing to to send and receive information $ ifconfig eth netmask broadcast Assign eth0 with the above values for IP, netmask and broadcast address.

13 Avon High School Tech Crew Basic Commands 2 - ping $ ping google.com Ping the host google.com to see if it is alive $ ping google.com -c 1 Ping the host google.com once

14 Avon High School Tech Crew Super User The “sudo” command introduces the “superuser” or “root user” The term “root” is the name for the main administrator in a “Unix-like” system, such as Linux There are many commands that only the root user can run Depending on the version of Linux you are using, you will either have to log on as the root user or prefix your command with “sudo”. The default Debian distribution of Linux, for instance, has no root password set. So you will have to use the “sudo” command

15 Avon High School Tech Crew Super User By using “sudo”, you’re saying, “Do the following command as the root user” When you do this, you will be asked for your password and, if you have the system permissions of a root user (commonly called “being in the admin group”), then the command will be run If you don’t have root permissions, you will get an error message WARNING: be very careful executing commands as root (sudo), you can easily render your system unuseable!

16 Avon High School Tech Crew Installing Software Installing software on Linux is a broad subject because each version of Linux has its own way of doing things Most are variations on apt-get (Advanced Packaging Tool), used by Debian, Ubuntu, and related distributions) yum (Yellowdog Update Manager), used by Fedora and related distributions The basic syntax is: $ sudo apt-get install $ sudo yum install

17 Avon High School Tech Crew Using apt-get to Manage Software To install a software package: $ sudo apt-get install To update the local package database: $ sudo apt-get update To install all available newer versions of packages: $ sudo apt-get upgrade To remove a package: $ sudo apt-get remove

18 Avon High School Tech Crew Ubuntu Setup Install Ubuntu Tweak –Open a ‘terminal’ –Enter the following commands: $ sudo add-apt-repository ppa:tualatrix/ppa $ sudo apt-get update $ sudo apt-get install ubuntu-tweak –You may need to logout and login again