Books on reserve in the library Class website Final project Homey D. Clown-Carnival

Victimization Is it beneficial/useful to examine how people of color in the U.S. have been victimized? Should people of color view themselves as victims?

Paul Deen

The Guardian-June 25 A former employee of the Deen food empire is suing Deen and her brother Earl "Bubba" Hiers, charging racial and sexual harassment. Lisa T Jackson claims, among other unsavory things, Deen wanted her to design a "plantation style" wedding for Bubba, which would ideally include "a bunch of little niggers" in bow ties to act as servers, like the ones that used to "tap dance around" in "Shirley Temple days".Lisa T Jackson claims Jackson, who is white, says Deen laughed and said, "That would be a true Southern wedding, wouldn't it? But we can't do that because the media would be on me about that." For his part, Bubba Hiers addressed Jackson as "my little Jew girl", supposedly because he was impressed with her bringing the business into profit

What do the New Immigrants and Chinese immigrants have in common? What do these groups have in common with Mexican immigrants?

Chinese immigrants Chinese were the largest immigrant group in CA in After 1870, their use as farm laborers increased rapidly, some estimates as high as 90 percent. Post Civil War economy in decline by the 1870s Chinese blamed for white unemployment

China’s Opium Wars : 45,000 Chinese in CA 1870: farm labor –RR construction ends –Driven out of gold mines –Specialized farming –Wheat farmers vs. fruit growers

Discriminatory legislation As early as 1854 Chinese prohibited from testifying in cases to which white men were parties. San Francisco 1860s: “Starvation by constitutional enactment” 1877: anti-Chinese riots

In the early 1860s, city of San Francisco passed ordinance making it illegal for any person to carry baskets on sidewalks suspended on poles across the shoulders.

The Chinese Problem

Racial stereotypes and fears

Chinese Exclusion Act Federal legislation: Chinese Exclusion Act of The Act prohibited Chinese "skilled and unskilled laborers and Chinese employed in mining" from entering the country under penalty of imprisonment and deportation.

Rock Springs, Wyoming. On September 2, 1885 Dispute over coal mining territory White coal miners rioted and burned down the Chinese quarter 28 Chinese coal miners murdered Chinese quarters burned and looted

ChineseGeary Act of 1892: The law required all Chinese residents of the United States to carry a resident permit. Failure to carry the permit at all times was punishable by deportation or a year of hard labor. Large growers refused to give up Chinese labor Violent raids began August of 1893

The New Immigrants Before 1880: Britain, Scandinavia, Germany After 1880: Italy, Greece, Turkey, Russia, Poland, Hungary, Sicily

–Racially different –Religion/culture: Greek Orthodox, Catholic, Russian Orthodox –“Radical” political ideas: Socialism, Anarchism –Poorer –Illiterate –Did not speak English –Poor ethnic, urban neighborhoods –Unskilled laborers: meat packing, textiles, steel, oil refinery, automobiles

New and old immigrants

Causes of New Immigration Economic expansion (steel, meat packing, garment) Steamship fares affordable Improved economic conditions in W. Europe Depression in Italy Religious persecution of Jews

The Journey Recruiters for steamships idealized America 9-12 days at sea Steerage: people 1891: federal government intervenes –Mental defects and loathsome diseases

Immigration Through Ellis Island uXPznkhttps:// uXPznk

1892: Ellis Island Opens

Great Hall

Medical inspections X marks the spot Great Hall “These people are not American. They are the scum of Europe.”

tenements

Immigrant neighborhood

Eugenics Originated in 1880s American Breeder’s Association –“investigate and report on heredity in the human race, and emphasize the value of superior blood and the menace to society of inferior blood.” widely accepted in the U.S. academic community. Corporate funding –Carnegie Corporation