WORLD WAR LOOMS Dictators Threaten World Peace

Failure of the Versailles Treaty Caused Anger and Resentment – Germany – Soviets Union New Democratic Governments Were Weak – People turned to Authoritarian Governments – Dictators Arose with all power

Joseph Stalin

Stalin Totalitarian State Five Year Plans – Industrialized Russia at great human cost – Stalin “purged” those who challenged him – 8-13 million died-many due to famine Totalitarian State

 Fascism  Black Shirts  Il Duce

Adolf Hitler and Nazis “Der Fuhrer” =“the leader” Mein Kampf (My Struggle) – Outlined plans to “purify” Germany Third Reich – Third German Empire – “Thousand Year Reich” (according to Hitler) Brown Shirts/Storm Troopers

Japan Military attempts to take over government Invades Manchuris 1931

Europe and Africa Germany – Withdrew from League of Nations 1933 – Built up military – German troops sent into Rhineland – League could not stop Hitler

Europe and Africa Mussolini – Invades Ethiopia (Africa) – League imposes a boycott (doesn’t work) – Ethiopian leader appeals for help –none given

Spain and Civil War Francisco Franco – Rebels against Spanish govt with army officers – People from around world volunteer to fight – World Government’s remain neutral – Hitler and Mussolini send aid to Franco – Franco victorious in 1939 –Fascist Dictator of Spain

America and Isolationism Most Americans don’t want involvement in Europe’s conflicts U.S. had signed Kellogg-Briand Pact Many believed bankers and business drew U.S. into WWI for profits

Effects of Isolationism on FDR’s Foreign Policy 1933 Recognized Soviet Union Good Neighbor Policy with Latin America – Took out armed forces there Signed Reciprocal Trade Agreement – Helped Lower tariffs by 50 % /easier to trade Congress passed Neutrality Acts – Outlawed arms sales and loans to nations at war

Neutrality Breaks Down Hard for FDR to remain Neutral Japan attacks China again in 1937 FDR talked about “Quarantines” in a speech Some accused Roosevelt of trying to get U.S. into war

Popular Front-oppose German and Japanese aggression Munich Conference-Appeasement Committee to Defend America by Aiding the Allies – William Allen White America First Committee-Charles Lindbergh