The Presidency

Budgets People use budgets in their daily lives Budgets include – Revenues (cash coming in) – Expenses (cash going out) The US government also has a budget, which congress and the president help with

Types of Spending Budget expenses can include – Non-discretionary (required) spending – Discretionary (optional) spending Are the following expenses discretionary or non- discretionary? – Rent – Car payments – Utilities – Food – Clothes – Entertainment

Debt In the country’s budget, income does not equal expenses Why can the country go into more debt than you can? – Reputation – Ability to borrow cheaply What are the positives and negatives to lowering the debt?

Federal Budget Process The President proposes a budget Congress creates a budget blueprint (called a budget resolution) – Congress then creates appropriations bills, which the President has to sign into law

Impeachment – When an official (like the President) is accused of unlawful activity Andrew Johnson (impeached but not convicted) Richard Nixon (resigned before being impeached) Bill Clinton (impeached but not convicted)

Impeachment Process Articles of Impeachment – What the President is accused of – The House of Representatives votes on these articles (majority rule) Conviction Vote – The Senate votes to acquit or convict someone (2/3 of senate needed to convict)

President Clinton’s Impeachment Do you think President Clinton should have been impeached? Do you think President Clinton should have been convicted? How big of a role should this play in Clinton’s legacy? Do you think the impeachment process is fair? – Why or why not?

Who is the only President to become Chief Justice of the Supreme Court?

Quotes in President Obama’s Oval Office “The Only Thing We Have to Fear is Fear Itself” - President Franklin D. Roosevelt “The Arc of the Moral Universe is Long, But it Bends Towards Justice” - Martin Luther King Jr. (and Theodore Parker) “Government of the People, By the People, For the People” - President Abraham Lincoln “No Problem of Human Destiny is Beyond Human Beings” - President John F. Kennedy “The Welfare of Each of Us is Dependent Fundamentally Upon the Welfare of All of Us” - President Theodore Roosevelt Kid President

“Being President is like riding a tiger.” - Harry Truman

Queen Elizabeth II President François Hollande Prime Minister Manuel Valls Prime Minister David Cameron UK FRANCE

Who is the only person elected twice as Vice President and twice as President?

Leaders UK – One ceremonial and moral head – One head of government France – One head of foreign affairs – One head of domestic affairs US – One head of state – Positives and negatives to the US system? – What’s the most important area for the US President? West Wing Week photos-and- video/video/2015/02/27/west -wing-week or-where- are-my-hawaiians

Roles of the President Positives to having one president for everything – Avoids rivalries – More efficient (especially good for crises) Lincoln (during Civil War) Negatives to having one president for everything – Fewer checks and balances – A really difficult job with many parts LBJ (better domestic than foreign) Nixon (better at governing than moral leadership)

Who was the first president to speak on television?

Presidential Terms – 4 year terms, according to the Constitution – 2 term maximum, according to the 22 nd Amendment Washington’s precedent Example of FDR Did FDR make the right decision? How can term limits be undemocratic?

Pay and Benefits Salary: $400,000 per year – Plus $50,000 expense allowance – Free room and board – Offices and staff – Cars, planes, helicopters – Camp David retreat – Healthcare – Travel and entertainment funds – Other fringe benefits Does the President get fair compensation? Camp David – -srv/special/lifestyle/inside-camp- david/

Qualifications Formal Qualifications – “Natural-born citizen…of the United States” according to the Constitution Is Ted Cruz eligible? – At least 35 years old – Lived in the US at least 14 years Informal Qualifications – Connections (who you know) – Money – Experience com/video/2013/08/14/cnn _is_ted_cruz_eligible_to_ru n_for_president.html

Presidential Succession If the President cannot serve, “the powers and duties” of the office “devolve on [transfer to] the Vice President.” John Tyler (“His Accidency”) – First VP to take over powers of the presidency – Set the precedent of VP becoming President 25 th Amendment – Made the VP becoming President official

# OfficeCurrent officer 1Vice President of the United States Joe BidenJoe Biden (D) 2Speaker of the House John BoehnerJohn Boehner (R) 3 President pro tempore of the Senate Orrin HatchOrrin Hatch (R) 4Secretary of State John KerryJohn Kerry (D) 5Secretary of the Treasury Jacob LewJacob Lew (D) 6Secretary of Defense Ashton CarterAshton Carter (D) 7Attorney General Eric HolderEric Holder (D) —Secretary of the Interior Sally JewellSally Jewell (D) [a] [a] 8Secretary of Agriculture Tom VilsackTom Vilsack (D) 9Secretary of Commerce Penny PritzkerPenny Pritzker (D) 10Secretary of Labor Thomas PerezThomas Perez (D) 11 Secretary of Health and Human Services Sylvia Mathews BurwellSylvia Mathews Burwell (D) 12 Secretary of Housing and Urban Development Julián CastroJulián Castro (D) 13Secretary of Transportation Anthony FoxxAnthony Foxx (D) 14Secretary of Energy Ernest MonizErnest Moniz (D) 15Secretary of Education Arne DuncanArne Duncan (D) 16Secretary of Veterans Affairs Robert McDonaldRobert McDonald (R) 17Secretary of Homeland Security Jeh JohnsonJeh Johnson (D) 1.Jump up^ Naturalized U.S. citizen born in the United Kingdom.Jump up^United Kingdom Order of Succession

Vice President "Once there were two brothers. One ran away to sea; the other was elected vice president of the United States. And nothing was heard of either of them again" - VP Thomas Marshall The Vice Presidency is “not worth a warm bucket of spit"? - VP John Nance Garner. “The Vice Presidency is the most insignificant office that ever the invention of man contrived or his imagination conceived"? - VP John Adams. Why does anyone today want to be VP? Should we even have a VP?

What do these people have in common? John Tyler Millard Fillmore Andrew Johnson Chester A. Arthur Theodore Roosevelt Calvin Coolidge Harry Truman Lyndon B. Johnson Gerald Ford

What does the VP do anyway? Replaces the President – “I am the Vide President. In this I am nothing, but I may be everything.” – John Adams President of the Senate – Casts tie-breaking votes Advisor to the President – Especially recently – Dick Cheney, Joe Biden Being Biden

Why has Presidential power grown? Strong presidents setting precedents Increasingly complex society The need for decisiveness in crises The need to fill in and carry out Congress’s laws Growth of media President Obama and immigration – Imperial presidency or the need for decisiveness? moves-on-immigration/ SNL -

Decide whether or not to run Start campaigning “Money Primaries” Iowa caucuses New Hampshire primaries Other primaries Nominating Conventions General Election We are here Feb 2016 Feb-June 2016 Nov 2016 July pac-super-cash---24-hour-political-ad-channels Election Timeline Is this a good system? Can you improve it?

Campaign Finance PACs – Political Action Committees – Contributions limited to $5,000 per individual per year – Contributions must be reported to the government Super PACs – Unlimited contributions from individuals, corporations – Contributions must be reported to the government Dark Money – Unlimited contributions from individuals and corporations that are not reported to the government

Presidential Elections Electoral College – Complex – Used during the general election – Each state has a number of electoral votes equal to Senators + Representatives – 270 votes are needed to win Pluses and minuses to this system? Popular vote different than electoral vote

Electoral College What is your plan to improve this (or keep it the same)? – 2 benefits to your plan – 2 drawbacks to your plan

Presidential Resume Everyone needs a resume when looking for a job What would a President’s resume look like? – Think about informal qualifications What would your resume look like?