Driver and Levers of Change A Local Government Perspective George Tarvit Sustainable Scotland Network

Who, What and Why 42% by 2020 // 80% by 2050

 Council estate and services (including schools)  Area-wide emissions and how council can influence reductions and give community leadership, which will include and influence: Community awareness and action will play critical role (CPPs and schools important) Households will be key Personal ‘footprints’ will personalise the agenda and engage individuals. There needs to be a ‘nesting’ and connection between individual, household, community, area, local authority and community planning partnership measures, indicators and targets. Scope of the local authority mitigation agenda Estate and services emissions Area-wide emissions

Fife Council Footprint Internal, controlled emissions e.g. Energy use, Fuel use Fife Council Community Footprint Measurable influence on emissions e.g. Staff Commuting, Household waste, Council House energy and Building Control Fife’s Carbon Footprint Entire footprint for all Fife activity Footprint Scope – The Fife Approach Graphic courtesy of Fife Council

Local Footprints Project

REAP : Scottish Local Authority Carbon Footprints

SSN Training on Communications and Behaviour Change SSN Quarterly in summer 2007 SSN Quarterly in spring 2010 Communications portal on SCCD website Communications and Behaviour Change Forum on the Communities of Practice website

Key Lessons / Factors of Success There is a public Awareness–Action disconnect Positive messages and images work / statistics and fear don’t Local connections motivate / community identity is important Making connections is important – what are people interested in / build from where they are at Clarity of message > action > effect is vital Feedback and dialogue needed to maintain momentum

Courtesy of: Centre for Research on Environmental Decisions, Columbia University

Case Studies – Falkirk Council

Carbon Crusader Impact Background, Key deliverables, Carbon saved, Campaign cost Measuring Progress (Metered data, Out of hours audits, Questionnaires, Reservations,Intranet hits, s Training –What didn’t work? Time & effort intensive Tracking progress Monthly actions –What DID work? Poster distribution Unexpected staff skills Awards Staff buy in Value for money CO2 tonnage –What would we change? More actions Go out with a bang ActionTarget CO2T % of total target Tonnes saved % achieved Awareness & behavioural change programme 1,54320%96162%

Emissions of fossil CO 2 (kg/inh) -35 % Case Study – Vaxjo, Sweden

Key Lessons from Vaxjo Political consensus Broad collaboration and networks Resources - financial support / ecobudget Long-term commitment (1980s investment in renewable district heating) Vision: Fossil Fuel Free Vaxjo Making visible: energy sources, energy monitoring, energy efficiency in housing Reciprocal relationship of municipality and population Transport is major challenge

Strategic Challenges Leadership – principles, practice, empowerment Legislation – what needs to be done, and how Culture Change – values / WWF Natural Change Project Programmes for Action – provide agency, keeping it simple Scrutiny / Accountability – accurate information Resources – to baseline, scale up, track through, feed back, and to invest We need all of the above… in spades!

A complex interplay of stimuli Cultural Values Social Marketing Socio- economic factors Infrastructures

If you build it, they will come

It can be done….

The other roles of government To address ‘the greatest market failure’ Regulation Taxation Investment