Bell Work Do you know where Greece is or the Greeks came from? If you do not then write no. What do you know about the Greek’s?

Greek Civilization

Greece’s Geography Mountainous European coast of the Mediterranean Sea 400 islands off of Greece Greece has 2 main peninsulas(3 sides surrounded by water) Attica Peloponnesus

Greece’s Geography Attica & Peloponnesus Attica- Small, triangle shaped Harbors-Sheltered places along the coast Peloponnesus-South of Attica Mountains & sea divide the area Greek cities were independent

Greece’s Geography Farming Mountains & rocky soil Hard to farm Grew crops that were grown well in harsh environment Olives (Staple crop) Food Oil (Cooking and Fuel) Sheep & Goats Food was scarce even w/farming-Rely on the sea

Greece’s Geography The Greek Economy Ppl. lived w/in 40 mi. of the sea Link to the world Fishers, Sailors, Shipbuilders, & Traders/Merchants Bought grain from other areas of the world Ex. Spain & Egypt

Greece’s Geography

Bell Work How did Ancient Greece’s geography effect the society?

Trading Civilizations The Minoans, Mycenaeans, & Phoenicians created ancient Greek Culture The Minoans-From island of Crete Expert traders They became wealthy-Rulers palace had 1,000 rooms 2000 B.C.- controlled trade in Eastern Mediterranean Sea 1450 B.C.- Tsunami washed over Crete Tidal Wave Mycenaeans Greeks took over Minoans

Trading Civilizations The Mycenaeans-From Central Asia Came to Greece around 1900 B.C. Took Greek mainland & set up small kingdoms Set around a palace on a protected hill Center of trade=peace Protection in war Earthquakes & war weakened society Conquered-1200 B.C. by Dorians (iron weapons, not bronze) 1150 B.C.-Civilization collapsed

Trading Civilizations The Phoenicians- From Phoenicia E. Mediterranean (now Lebanon) Needed sea to survive 3000 B.C.-Mediterranean to trade Created colonies along route Trade goods= cloth, glass objects, & engraved metal Sidon & Tyre created purple dye Most valuable trade good in Mediterranean for 2,500 yrs.

Trading Civilizations A Phoenician Invention Spread culture, ideas, & trade goods Create better goods & ideas Greatest invention-Phoenician alphabet Basis for our alphabet (Letters B, L, & O used) Ancient Greeks adapted it to create their language Reading & writing were simpler Write tales that had been passed down orally

Trading Civilizations

Greek Religion & Culture Practiced Polytheism 12 main gods & goddesses Lived on Mt. Olympus Played role in daily life Controlled natural events Earthquakes & storms Festivals held to honor gods & goddesses Ex. Olympic games held to honor Zeus

Greek Religion & Culture Philosophy Philosophers- Lover of wisdom Studied history, math, political science, & science Great thinkers & taught students Socrates discussed ways to live- mid-400 B.C. Angered people in his town (Athens) Questioning customs, laws and religion Put on trial for urging people to revolt-sentenced to death Plato Student of Socrates wrote down ideas & became a teacher Had Aristotle the famous philosopher as a student

Greek Religion & Culture Greek Dramas & Epics Plays included comedies & dramas Comedy-Play that ends happily Tragedy-Play where main character is defeated or dies Held in outside theaters Actors wear a mask Frowning masks=tragic figures Smiling mask=comedy figures

Greek Religion & Culture Greek Dramas & Epics Enjoyed poems that show Greek history Homer was a famous Greek poet Created 2 epics What are epics? Iliad –About a war b/t the Greeks & the Trojans Odyssey-About a hero named Odysseus a person in the Greek army who took 20 yrs. to get home after the Trojan War