Chapter 17 Section 1 On the Banks of the Tiber

Anticipatory Set Most civilizations have myths or legends about their history. Can you name some American myths or legends? Johnny Appleseed is one for example Most myths and legends tell us about civilizations. What do myths and legends tell us about civilizations? Beliefs and values History of a civilization

Standards S.S. 6.7.1 E-LA Reading 6.1.3 Identify the location and describe the rise of the Roman Republic, including the importance of such mythical and historical figures as Aeneas, Romulus and Remus, Cincinnatus, Julius Caesar, and Cicero. E-LA Reading 6.1.3 Recognize the origins and meanings of frequency used foreign words in English and use these words accurately in speaking and writing

Objective Students will learn about the location and origins of Rome

Language of the Discipline Arable Land Arid Virgil Divine Navigate

The Location of Rome (Input) Rome is located near the center of the Italian Peninsula shaped like a “boot” It extends from southern Europe into the Mediterranean Sea A high mountain range called the Alps separates the peninsula from the rest of Europe Rivers flow across the peninsula to the Mediterranean Another long mountain range called the Apennines runs down the center to the “toe” of the Italian Peninsula

Rome’s Geographic Setting (Input) The Italian Peninsula is similar to Greece They have a Mediterranean climate with mild winters and warm, dry summers They have natural harbors Suited for trading with lands surrounding the sea They are linked by land to the rest of Europe The Italian Peninsula is also different Less rugged landscape Several large plains (this gave arable land, or land suited for farming) Several navigable rivers that provide water and transportation routes

Geography of Rome (Input)

The Tiber River (Input) The Tiber River stretches for more than 250 miles, making it the second longest river in present-day Italy The waters evenly flow into the Tyrrhenian Sea after passing through Rome It drains in a region called Latium Latium is rather arid, or dry today but was green and lush in ancient times There are many volcanoes in this region Ash helped create fertile soil Before reaching the sea the Tiber flows through an area of low hills. On those banks Rome was founded

The Tiber River (Input)

The Origins of Rome (Input) Around 1000 B.C. the Latin’s settled in Latium They founded a village on Palatine Hill, one of the 7 hills on the east bank of the Tiber River (about 15 miles from the sea) Later on other villages settled on nearby hills Those hilltop villages later would become the city of Rome

Palatine Hill (Input)

Founding Myths (Input) The Romans had two myths regarding their cities origins One appears in the Aeneid, an epic poem by Virgil This poem describes the journey of a Trojan warrior named Aeneas who escaped from Troy after its defeat by the Greeks in the Trojan War Aeneas traveled until he reached Latium and married a Latin princess, then founded a town. Eventually he descendants found Rome. This myth became well known for its patriotic portrayal and Virgil was known as a national poet

Founding Myths (Input) The second myth has to do with two of Aeneas’ descendants; twins named Romulus and Remus. This includes both Greek and Roman mythology Like Hercules the twins were born with a human mother and a divine, or godlike, father, the god of Mars A jealous uncle had the babies put in a basket and thrown into the Tiber The boys were saved by a she-wolf and raised by a shepherd When they grew up the went to look for a new city and could not agree so during their heated dispute Romulus killed Remus. He then founded Rome on Palatine Hill and named himself the first king of Rome

Founding Myths (Input Legend states that Palatine Hill was the location Romulus and Remus had been rescued and raised During later time periods Palatine Hill was home of Rome’s most prominent citizens These myths are not facts but do tell something about Roman people, they believed Rome was destined for greatness They wanted to link its history to gods and legendary heroes They did this to glorify Rome’s beginnings as well as its founders

Growth of the City (Input) For many years Rome remained a collection of tiny villages Those villages grew together and formed a single city covering the 7 hills on the banks of the Tiber At this time the population increased to 80,000 people It’s location also helped Rome to grow The hills became a natural defense against attack where they could start at the bottom and run to the top for safety The river gave access to a nearby port where small boats could navigate, or make their way, by river to sea

Growth of the City (Input) Romans used the river to transport trade goods such as grain The river was so fats and dangerous for large boats so Rome could never be attacked by large ships Rome was located on key trade routes The Tiber Valley provided an easy east-west route for trade Many north-south routes crossed the south of Rome Salt and iron found nearby were sent also Each of these factors helped Rome grow and prosper

Check for Understanding Please determine the BEST answer for the following question. Please write your answer on your white boards and wait for the teacher’s signal. On the teacher’s signal, hold up your white boards.

Checking for Understanding #1 Fill in the blank _______________ is land suitable for farming Arable land

Checking for Understanding #2 Answer the following question. What northern mountain range separates the Italian peninsula from the rest of Europe? The Alps

Checking for Understanding #3 Answer the following question. According to legend who was the first king of Rome? Romulus

Guided Practice/Independent Practice Complete questions 1 - 3 on the reading comprehension worksheet. Raise your hand and wait to get stamped. If you received an “R” go to the back table with Ms. Graham. Independent Practice Once you have been stamped moved to independent practice and complete numbers 4 and 5 on the reading comprehension worksheet. Homework Note-taking guide on the reverse side.