Space Ch 3 Notes

Bell Work 2/23/10 Draw a diagram showing the orbit of Earth and the orbit of Earth’s Moon. Label the Sun, Earth, the Moon, Earth’s orbit, and the Moon’s orbit

Bell Work 2/24/10 List the 8 planets in order from the sun (After you’re finished with the bell work get out your planet flashcards and instructions)

Bell Work 2/25/10 Other than Earth, what is your favorite planet and why? (write at least 3 sentences)

Bell Work 2/26/10 1. What was your favorite science fair project yesterday? 2. Write 3 sentences explaining the project and why it was your favorite project.

Planets orbit the Sun at different distances. The planets have different sizes and distances from the Sun VISUALIZATION CLASSZONE.COM Take a virtual spaceflight through the solar system. inner solar system Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, asteroids outer solar system Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune, comets

Planets orbit the Sun at different distances. The solar system formed from a disk of dust and gas. Massive objects became round. 21.1

3.1 Vocab astronomical unit (AU) - Earth’s average distance from the Sun, which is approximately 150 million kilometers (93 million mi). Ellipse - An oval or flattened circle.

Bell Work 3/1/10 1. What are the inner planets? 2. What are the outer planets?

Bell Work 3/2/10 1. What is an AU? 2. What is an ellipse? 3. List the planets in order from the sun.

Bell Work 3/3/10 Answer #1 #3 #4 and #5 on page 83 in your book.

Bell Work 3/4/10 1. Which planets are the terrestrial planets? 2. What are the four types of processes that cause surface features?

terrestrial planet Earth or a planet similar to Earth that has a rocky surface. The four planets in the inner solar system, Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars, are terrestrial planets.

tectonics The processes in which the motion of hot material under a crust changes the crust of a space body. Earth has a specific type of tectonics called plate tectonics.

volcanism The process of molten material moving from a space body’s hot interior onto its surface.

terrestrial planet The inner solar system has rocky planets. SECTION OUTLINE SECTION OUTLINE The terrestrial planets are round and have layers. Atmospheres came from volcanoes and impacts. Four processes produce surface features. tectonics volcanism 21.2 CHAPTER RESOURCES CHAPTER RESOURCES impact cratering tectonics weathering and erosion volcanism

TectonicsVolcanism Weathering and Erosion Impact Cratering MercuryFormed long, high cliffs Formed long, smooth plains Gravity moves broken materials downhill Made round features on most of the surface VenusStretched out, wrinkled, and twisted the surface Made volcanoes and flat lava plains cover the surface Surface has not changed much due to lack of water Scattered impact craters EarthPlates move and form mountains and valleys Volcanic mountains erupt Water as well as wind changes the surface Few impact craters are still visible MarsSeveral volcanoes are higher than any on Earth The surface changes quickly as a result of fast winds and gravitational forces Covered the southern hemisphere with old craters

Bell Work 3/5/10 Draw a picture comparing the inner solar system with the outer solar system. Use labels for each planet. Peach Bell Work is due today!

3.3 Vocab gas giant - A large planet that consists mostly of gases in a dense form. The four large planets in the outer solar system (Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune) are gas giants.

Ring - In astronomy, a wide, flat zone of small particles that orbit around a planet’s equator.

SECTION OUTLINE SECTION OUTLINE The outer solar system has four giant planets. ring gas giant The gas giants have very dense, deep atmospheres with layers of clouds. All four giant planets have ring systems. Close-up of Saturn’s rings 21.3 CHAPTER RESOURCES CHAPTER RESOURCES

3/8/10 1. Which planets have rings? 2. What is a gas giant?

Bell Work 3/9/10 Make a chart comparing an asteroid and a comet AsteroidBothcomet

SECTION OUTLINE SECTION OUTLINE Small objects are made of ice and rock. comet asteroid meteor Objects in the inner solar system are rocky. Pluto and most other objects in the outer solar system are made of ice and rock. Rocky asteroids and icy comets orbit the Sun and produce tiny fragments that may become meteors. meteorite 21.4 CHAPTER RESOURCES CHAPTER RESOURCES The asteroid Eros

A small, solid, rocky body that orbits the Sun. Most asteroids orbit in a region between Mars and Jupiter called the asteroid belt. asteroid KEY CONCEPT SUMMARY KEY CONCEPT SUMMARY Small objects are made of ice and rock. comet asteroid meteor meteorite 21.4 CHAPTER RESOURCES CHAPTER RESOURCES

A body that produces a coma of gas and dust; a small, icy body that orbits the Sun. comet Small objects are made of ice and rock. KEY CONCEPT SUMMARY KEY CONCEPT SUMMARY comet asteroid meteor meteorite 21.4 CHAPTER RESOURCES CHAPTER RESOURCES

A brief streak of light produced by a small particle entering Earth’s atmosphere at a high speed. meteor Small objects are made of ice and rock. KEY CONCEPT SUMMARY KEY CONCEPT SUMMARY comet asteroid meteor meteorite 21.4 CHAPTER RESOURCES CHAPTER RESOURCES

A small object from outer space that passes through Earth’s atmosphere and reaches the surface. meteorite Small objects are made of ice and rock. KEY CONCEPT SUMMARY KEY CONCEPT SUMMARY comet asteroid meteor meteorite 21.4 CHAPTER RESOURCES CHAPTER RESOURCES

Bell Work 3/11/10 1. Why is Pluto's orbit unusual? 2. Why is a comet sometimes bright? 3. What do the weathering and erosion processes on Mars involve?

Bell Work 3/12/10 Answer 7-14 pg 109