Integration of HALE UAS into non-segregated airspace Euro Hawk Integration of HALE UAS into non-segregated airspace

Introduction EH UAS Airspace structure Flight operations Structure UAS Euro Hawk Flight Operations Introduction Airspace Structure Introduction EH UAS Airspace structure Flight operations 2

Public Acceptance Airspace Integration UAS Operation ??? UAS Euro Hawk Flight Operations Introduction Airspace General View On UAS Operation Public Acceptance ??? Airspace Integration Concerted Procedures UAS Operation Technology Personnel 3

From GLOBAL HAWK to EURO HAWK UAS Euro Hawk Flight Operations Introduction Airspace From GLOBAL HAWK to EURO HAWK Ferry Flight successfully done 21./22.07.2011! modified GLOBAL HAWK (RQ-4B) Airborne Integrated SIGINT System (ISIS-A) Bereits die Zusammensetzung der einzelnen Systemkomponenten, das Luftfahrzeug aus amerikanischer Produktion der Firma Northrop Grumman, der GLOBAL HAWK Block 20 (RQ-4B), und der von der deutschen Firma EADS zu entwickelnden Missionsausstattung, zeit die Notwendigkeit einer intensiven Zusammenarbeit. Schon bei der Erstellung der Konzeptstudie war man auf eine funktionierende bilaterale Partnerschaft angewiesen, da auf deutscher Seite die Luft- und Raumfahrtindustrie, die militärischen Bedarfsträger der Bundeswehr und das Bundesamt für Wehrtechnik und Beschaffung, sowie auf amerikanischer Seite die US Air Force, US Behörden und Northrop Grumman beteiligt waren. EURO HAWK 4

UAS Euro Hawk Flight Operations Introduction Airspace System (RPA, LRE, MCE) The Euro Hawk is a HALE (high-altitude long-endurance) Unmanned Aircraft System (UAS) designed to perform Reconnaissance and Surveillance Missions over long distances. The Remotely Piloted Aircraft (RPA) can remain airborne for up to 36 hours. Euro Hawk is flown through a mission computer loaded with mission plan before each flight. The pilot-in-command (PIC) at the ground station can manually fly the aircraft at any time. However, whichever mode is being flown Euro Hawk remains predictable. 5

System (RPA, LRE, MCE) Launch and Recover Element (LRE) UAS Euro Hawk Flight Operations Introduction Airspace System (RPA, LRE, MCE) Launch and Recover Element (LRE) required for aircraft ground operations, take- off, approach and landing phases.   Mission Control Element (MCE) has the controls, displays and communication lines to perform mission. Pilot-in-Command (PIC) is licened pilot (CPL-IFR or compairable military licence). 6

Safety Case Euro Hawk (SiBe) UAS Euro Hawk Flight Operations Introduction Airspace Safety Case Euro Hawk (SiBe) Safety case on Euro Hawk integration into national airspace outside segregated airspace: MOU between Ministry of Defence and Ministry of Transportation, outlining a cooperative civil-military risk analysis. DIN-, ESARR 4 and EU-decree conform process; continuous progress monitoring and result validation by government (MoT). Aim: Analyse and describe potential risks caused by Euro Hawk operation. Define safety measures and prerequisites for Euro Hawk operation. Timeframe: Jan 2008 – Feb 2011 Members: 30 representatives from German Air Force, national ATM authority and Ministry of Transportation. 7

Schematic Flight-Profile (acc. SiBe) UAS Euro Hawk Flight Operations Introduction Airspace Schematic Flight-Profile (acc. SiBe) Airspace Class C Airspace Class E D Restricted Airspace (ED-R), CTR acc §10(4)LuftVO CTR: Restricted Airspace (ED-R), acc § 10(4) LuftVO Emergency E Violation 8

UAS Euro Hawk Flight Operations Introduction Airspace Airspace Structure Euro Hawk reaches with a spiral shaped climb (IFR OAT) in the vicinity of the departure aerodrome his operational altitude FL470+ to commence his enroute phase. Climb and descent are performed within restricted airspace (ED-R, TRA). Enroute (FL470+) Euro Hawk flies within controlled airspace class C and will be separated to other traffic. The newly established restricted airspaces ED-R 147/148 above Manching and Schleswig CTR and below FL 100 are activated for the time of EH utilization plus a 1 hour buffer (via NOTAM the day before). 9

Airspace Structure Manching UAS Euro Hawk Flight Operations Introduction Airspace Airspace Structure Manching enroute n DFS ED-R 310 Bundeswehr: ETSI TWR/APP FL245 ED-R 210 Airspace C FL100 New R-area to connect CTR with existing ED-R and airspace class C ED-R 138 FL75 ED-R 147 Airspace E 3700ft ETSI CTR D + R 1000ft Airspace G 10

Communication UAS Euro Hawk Flight Operations Introduction Airspace LRE MCE ATC INMARSAT SATCOM OmniSTAR GPS EuroHawk Correcting Signal DGPS C2+ATC-Voice C2+ATC-Voice (Backup) ATC-Voice C2 TWR SCAT I Correcting Signal DGPS + phone phone phone 11

UAS Euro Hawk Flight Operations Introduction Airspace Sense And Avoid Assistant (SA3) or: = Sense and Avoid Assisting Function (SAAFu) To support safe conduct of air traffic and to maintain separation to unknown aircraft Euro Hawk will depart and approach within restricted airspace. Despite the restricted areas, the “Euro Hawk FSD safety case” assessment identified the need for additional measures to cope for potential risks arising from CTR and ED-R airspace violations below FL 100. To minimize these risks, the PIC will be supported by a system called SA3 (Sense And Avoid Assistant). 12

Sense And Avoid Assistant (SA3) UAS Euro Hawk Flight Operations Introduction Airspace Sense And Avoid Assistant (SA3) Support Tool to increase PIC´s situational awareness on VFR traffic. Display and analysis of primary and secondary radar targets. VS - NfD 13

Flight operations UAS Euro Hawk Flight Operations Introduction Airspace Flight operations The handling of contingency situations is as far as possible similar to emergency procedures for manned aircraft. Planned and programmed behavior is briefed to ATC. Four contingency situations can be distinguished: C1 = lost command and control C2 = return to base (loss of redundancy, minor system fault) C3 = emergency landing (major technical problem) C4 = go-around / take-off abort Special SSR codes are not required. The procedures of manned aviation are applicable in principle. The routing within German airspace is covered with Emergency Landing Fields. The flight profiles are preprogrammed and known to ATC. Briefings in the ATC Centers were offered to inform ATC personnel. A communication campaign increases the awareness of civil and military aviation. 14

Thank you for your attention! Do you have any questions? 15