High Strength Wastewater: Parameters and Source Characteristics Pretreatment Technologies Workshop

Potential sources Commercial Institutional Residential

Commercial sources: Food Service Food Stand Restaurant Grocery store with food service Convenience store with food service

Rough prescriptive codes Square footage, # employees Hours of operation # Meals served Location

Factors affecting wastewater strength of food service facilities

Cuisine: what do they serve? Ethnic differences Cooking oils Self serve drinks Ice cream machines Alcoholic beverages Coffee shops

Serving Mode Take out/carry out Salad bar Buffet Banquet

Management procedures Dishes Dishwasher Defrosting method Garbage disposal

Management Laundry machine Water source – Pressure – Water treatment Floor cleaning – Caustic cleaners – Drains?

Other commercial facilities Inn/Lodge, B and B Golf courses Camping Breweries, wineries

Other commercial facilities Car washes – Particulates Sediment trap? – Road tar, petroleum waste Oil/grease trap? – Soaps and wax

Other commercial facilities Beauty shops/spas – Chemicals used – Waxing – Mud baths Visitor center

Other commercial facilities Photography labs – Chemicals – Heavy metals – Solvents

Other commercial facilities Laundries and dry cleaners – Lint – Particulates – Dry cleaning agents – Acidic and caustic compounds – Soaps – Dyes

Other commercial facilities Meat processing facilities/slaugh terhouses – Blood – Hair – Cleaning agents Caustic, acidic or both FOGs

Other commercial facilities Food processing facilities – FOGs – Particulates – Cleaners

Grocery stores Services – Meat market – Bakery – Food service

Mini malls A mix of sources – How many? – Check characteristics of each one – They will change Separate septic tank for each one

Institutional sources Schools – Students, faculty – What level – Facilities: cafeteria, showers, labs Day Care Centers – Age - No. of children in diapers Churches – Members – Other services

Institutional sources Hospitals, clinics Nursing homes

Institutional sources Veterinary facilities Funeral homes

Residential sources and wastewater strength Parameters that influence strength

Occupancy Owner occupied or rental Year round or seasonal Demographics

Other contributions to high strength in residential settings – Additives – Garbage disposal – FOGs

PPCP’s Common causes of high strength in residential settings – Chemotherapy, hormones, diabetic drugs – Cleaning products – Personal care products – Hobbies/home businesses

Checklists Designed for troubleshooting Also helpful for design review

Questions?