WEEK 16: MAY Important Reminders: Grades were updated on Thursday Posters Due Tomorrow Drugs/Alcohol/Tobacco Unit concludes this week 10 Volunteer Hours Due June 10 2 Weeks from tomorrow

DAY 74: MAY 26 Objective: Students will identify and describe the effects of drug use. Warm-Up: What are the reasons people start using drugs? Activities:  Test Results  Tobacco Notes

UP IN SMOKE Smoking Facts and Stats

DID YOU KNOW… About 440,000 Americans die of nicotine-related diseases (emphysema, lung cancer, heart disease) In fact, smoking kills more Americans each year than alcohol, cocaine, crack, heroin, homicide, suicide, car crashes, fires and AIDS combined. Smoking also causes impotence. 1 pack a day = 7 years of lost life. The good news is that the body recovers much of that time when a person quits. Cigarettes have a 30-minute half life.

DID YOU KNOW… Nicotine decreases blood flow to the heart, while increasing blood pressure and heart rate. Smoking also hardens arteries so they cannot expand and contract normally. A person is 400 times more likely to drop dead while smoking if at chronic risk.

DID YOU KNOW… Nicotine is a Class A carcinogen. It damages everything it comes in direct contact with (mouth, tongue, lungs, trachea, esophagus, stomach, bladder, prostate, etc.) There are 400 other carcinogens in cigarettes.

CDC SAYS… (HOOKAH) The charcoal used to heat tobacco produces high levels of carbon monoxide, metals, and carcinogens A 1-hour-long session = 200 puffs, (an average cigarette = 20 puffs) Less risky? NOT!

DID YOU KNOW… One dose of smokeless tobacco has more nicotine than a cigarette. Most smokers begin their habit at around age Teenagers are at great risk for smoking related diseases because their immune systems are underdeveloped.

AND DID YOU KNOW…. Companies have clever marketing programs to draw in new smokers. To maintain their market share, these companies must attract 2 million new smokers each year. There are some very effective programs to help people quit.

AND THE COST! Question: If an average pack of cigarettes costs $5.00 ($9), what is the annual cost to a pack-a-day smoker? Answer: $1,825. ($3,285) If a person didn’t smoke from age 15 until age 65 and saved all that money instead, how much would he or she have? Answer: $91,250 ($164,250)

AND NOW FOR SOMETHING TRULY AMAZING… If a person invested that $5.00 a day into an investment account (mutual fund, index fund, etc.), and if that account earned an average of 10% interest compounded over the same period of time…. That same person would have about $2.5 million at age 65. If you consider the true cost of cigarettes today (about $9) and you invested that much, it would be about $4.1 million.

SOURCES The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Familydoctor.org Investor.gov

DAY 75: MAY 27 Objective: Identify the dangers. Warm-up: What are 3 risks of drinking alcohol before the age of 21? Activities:  Poster Due Today  Marijuana Notes  The Chemistry of Addiction

MARIJUANA A Harmless Drug?

COSTS OF SUBSTANCE ABUSE: NIDA

WHAT THE RESEARCH SHOWS

WHAT THE RESEARCH SHOWS

Lifetime Marijuana Use Percent of students who report having ever used marijuana | RENTON SCHOOL DISTRICT - SOURCE: 2014 HEALTHY YOUTH SURVEY 19

WHAT IS IT? It comes from the hemp plant (cannabis sativa) that contains active ingredient delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC). There are hundreds of hybrid varieties It can be taken in a variety of forms There are FDA approved prescription medicines that contain THC or marijuana derivatives, such as Marinol, Cesamet, Canasol, Sativex, and Epidolex for specific conditions

TWO MAIN TYPES; LOTS OF VARIETIES Sativa Mainly affects mind Uplifting or euphoric Indica Mainly affects body Heavy feeling and/or “body melt”

OTHER FORMS – CONCENTRATES: 70-90%+ THC Extracted THC from leaves and stems  Butane Hash Oil (BHO)  Dabs  Wax Tinctures – extracted with alcohol Ripped from the Headlines:  Hash oil explosions prompt proposed changes in pot states  Federal charges in fatal Bellevue hash-oil explosion and fire  Amateur hash-oil production, explosions bound to continue

EDIBLES: RECIPE FOR DISASTER Inconsistent THC Poor labeling, serving size Overconsumption due to taste Delayed onset (hours) Slow burn-off Accidental pet & child ingestion Food safety violations Denver Marijuana Deaths Denver Marijuana Deaths

IMPAIRED DRIVING Illegal to drive impaired Legal limit is 5 nanograms of THC/ml Requires a blood test (not breath) Blood can be drawn on reasonable suspicion Marilyn Huestis of NIDA, who conducted a recently published study on marijuana use and psychomotor function, says “The level of 5 nanograms per mil is pretty high,” she said. “We know that people are impaired at lower levels than 5, but the balancing act is trying to find a number that can reliably separate (the impaired from the not-impaired), which is almost impossible to do.”recently published study

HOW MUCH IS ALLOWED? Medical 24 ounces 15 plants 60 day supply Zero Minor DUI Recreational 1 ounce dried 16 ounces of edibles 7 grams of concentrate Zero Minor DUI Still Illegal under Federal Law

SPECIAL DANGERS Is often laced with other drugs or chemicals, such as PCP, formaldehyde and crack cocaine Resulted in several deaths. Headlines:  “ Woman ODs on pot gummy berries in Central Ore.”  “Deaths Prompt Colorado Crackdown on Pot Infused Food”  “An overdose doesn’t always mean death. There can be lasting physical effects.”

OTHER EFFECTS Impaired attention Disrupted working memory Drowsiness Paranoia Relaxed inhibitions Disorientation Fluctuating emotions Reduced motor skills Increased appetite Body tremors Dry mouth/throat Panic attacks Vital signs changes Green/brown teeth & tongue

Source: American College of Pediatricians

DOES MARIJUANA CAUSE SCHIZOPHRENIA? We know that 50% of newly diagnosed schizophrenia patients have used marijuana, but this is correlation, not causation. Truth: We don’t know for sure Common Sense: Protect your brain!

LONG-TERM EFFECTS It can be psychologically and physically addictive It damages nerve cells and can cause permanent damage in the part of the brain responsible for learning, memory and motivation. Source: NIDA Study: Psychomotor Function in Chronic Daily Cannabis Smokers during Sustained Abstinence

After 12 years of Marijuana Use A Normal Brain pect_rotations/

QUICK QUIZ How long does marijuana stay in the user's body? a) About one day b) About one year c) About one month d) Forever

FACT The correct answer is C. THC in marijuana is stored in fat cells. Generally, traces of THC can be detected in urine several days after smoking. In heavy users, traces can sometimes be detected for weeks after they have stopped using marijuana.

IMPAIRMENT RISKS Since marijuana can affect judgment and decision- making, using it can lead to risky sexual behavior, resulting in exposure to sexually transmitted diseases like HIV, the virus that causes AIDS.

THREE CATEGORIES OF MEDICAL DRUGS Preventive Curative Palliative

MEDICAL USE # 1: NAUSEA PREVENTION Marijuana has been used to reduce nausea, especially after chemotherapy. HOWEVER… "THC and smoked marijuana are considerably less effective than currently available therapies to treat acute nausea and vomiting." -- The American Medical Association

MEDICAL USE #2: GLAUCOMA Glaucoma is an eye disease that mainly affects older people. It is a progressive disease in which pressure on the optic nerve gradually reduces vision until a person is blind. Marijuana has been used to relieve pressure on the optic nerve. "...it’s well known that smoking marijuana can reduce pressure within the eye, but the drug may also reduce the blood supply to the optic nerve - the last thing a glaucoma sufferer needs - and it doesn’t seem to prevent blindness. ‘In order to substantially reduce eye pressure,’ says Dr. Harry Quigley of John Hopkins University’s Wilmer Eye Institute, ‘you’d have to be stoned all the time.’"

MEDICAL USE # 3: AIDS WASTING Marijuana has been used for stimulating appetite in AIDS patients "THC is moderately effective in the treatment of AIDS wasting, but its long duration of action and intensity of side effects preclude routine use." American Medical Association Also, one of THC’s effects is to suppress the immune system.

MEDICAL USE #4: CHRONIC PAIN "Controlled evidence does not support the view that THC or smoked marijuana offer clinically effective analgesia (pain killer) without causing significant adverse events." American Medical Association,

GOOD MEDICINE? Not really. Marijuana cures NOTHING, and there are other medications that are more effective with fewer side effects for ALL conditions for which it is used.

DANGEROUS? It’s your call. YOU decide whether you want to risk low achievement, stunted emotional growth, distorted sex characteristics and permanent brain damage. Remember: You’re the one who has to live with you. What kind of LIFE do you choose?

A FEW LAST WORDS Lower grades Higher drop-out rates Self-reported lower life satisfaction Self-reported lower achievement CNN- Teens & Marijuana Problem

science/spect-image-gallery/spect- atlas/images-of-alcohol-and-drug-abuse/

The Chemistry of Addiction

DAY 76: MAY 28 Objective: Identify the hazards related to substance abuse. Warm-up: What are three long-term affects related to marijuana use? Activities:  The House That Crack Built  Poster Gallery Walk

DAY 77: MAY 29 Objective: Identify the hazards related to substance abuse. Warm-up: What is the average age someone starts smoking? Activities:  Poster Gallery Walk  Project Self-Evaluation