UNESCO Structure, Governance and Finance UNESCO Institute for Statistics Montreal June 2011

Andrew Barton Statistical Assistant: Data Processing & Standards –Regional Responsibility: Anglophone Africa Education: –MSc. Economics from the University of Amsterdam –BComm. Economics from John Molson School of Business Previous work experience: –Advisor in Statistics: Leaseurope/Eurofinas (European finance and leasing industry - NPO) –Junior Demographic Analyst: Department of Foreign Affairs and International Trade Canada –Policy Analyst: Catholic Community Services (NPO in Montreal)

Shereen Joseph Worked in the communications unit in various capacities at the UIS: –Communications –Publications Over 10 years experience in the field Education: –MSc. Journalism at Concordia University (ongoing) –BSc. Microbiology from the University of Alberta Freelance Consultant

Presentation Outline Overview: History, Mission & Priorities UNESCO Structure & Governance Financing Differences between IGO and NPO

Overview: History 1942: Conference of Allied Ministers of Education - CAME –European countries looking to reconstruct their systems of education in the post war era 1945: A proposal from CAME was made at a United Nations Conference for the establishment of an educational and cultural organization (London) At the end of the conference, thirty-seven countries founded the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (16 November)

Overview: History Preamble of the Constitution “That since wars begin in the minds of men, it is in the minds of men that the defences of peace must be constructed;

Overview: Mission & Priorities UNESCO’s mission is to contribute to the building of peace, the eradication of poverty, sustainable development and intercultural dialogue through education, the sciences, culture, communication and information. UNESCO focuses on two global priorities: –Africa & Gender Equality

Overview: Mission & Priorities The broad goals and objectives of the international community – as set out in the internationally agreed development goals (Millennium Development Goals and Education for All) – underpin all UNESCO’s strategies and activities.

Overview: Mission & Priorities In fulfilling its mission, UNESCO will carry out for the international community five established functions: i.laboratory of ideas, including foresight ii.standard-setter iii.clearing house iv.capacity-builder in Member States in UNESCO’s fields of competence v.catalyst for international cooperation

UNESCO Structure and Governance UNESCO is a specialized agency of the UN (carries out prescribed mandate, but independent) UNESCO is an Intergovernmental Organization - IGO –Goals and scope are outlined in a treaty or charter –Membership is limited to nation states / countries Three levels of membership (193 members, 7 associate members & 2 observers) –Members are required to make yearly contributions

UNESCO Structure and Governance Governing Bodies –General Conference –Executive Board Secretariat

UNESCO Structure and Governance General Conference –Primary decision making body of UNESCO –Meets once every 2 years to determine the policies and main lines of work of the organization –1 country – 1 vote –Approves UNESCO’s biennial programmes and budget –Every 4 years, it appoints the Director General

UNESCO Structure and Governance Executive Board –Composed of 58 member states who are elected at the General Conference every two years –Choice of representatives depends on diversity of cultures and geographic regions –Responsible for the execution of the programme adopted at the General Conference –Meets twice a year to examine the Organization’s programme and budget

UNESCO Structure and Governance Secretariat –The Director General is the executive head of UNESCO –DG formulates proposals for appropriate action by the General Conference and Executive Board –DG prepares a draft biennial programme and budget –Staff implements the approved programme –Organizational Chart Central Services Programme Sectors Support Sectors Field Offices

UNESCO Financing Sources Total Budget: $1,115,751,400 USD Membership contributions (assessment) –Represents 58% of the budget –For : $653,000,000 USD Extra budgetary funding (voluntary) –UNESCO becoming more reliant on extra budgetary funds –Represents 42% of the budget –For : $462,751,400 USD

UNESCO Financing Sources Five major sources of extra budgetary funding: –Bilateral Government Donors –The United Nations Funds and Programmes –Multilateral Development Banks (WBG) –The European Commission –The Private Sector

UNESCO Financing Protocol Biennial budget is submitted by the Director General as a resolution at the UNESCO General Conference for approval Scale of Assessment – Set at the United Nations General Conference on a yearly basis Assessment is based on a countries Gross National Income and a country’s capacity to pay Contributions are to be paid partly in US dollars and partly in Euros (can pay in national currency) MembersContribution % USA22.000% Japan12.530% Germany8.018% UK6.604% France6.123% Italy4.999% Canada3.207% China3.189% Spain3.177% Mexico2.356% Others27.797%

IGO vs NPO Similarities: –Both are not driven by profit –Funding sources are the same (public and private) Differences: –NPO can represent both public and private interests –IGO represent public interests –Governance & Structure NPO structure depends on the type of organization IGOs structure based on a charter or treaty between countries –Financing structure is different (i.e. UN scale assessment)

List of IGO’s in Montreal UNESCO Institute for Statistics ICAO – International Civil Aviation Organization Secretariat on the Convention of Biodiversity Multilateral Fund for the Implementation of the Montreal Protocol Commission for Environmental Cooperation (Canada, Mexico & US only) Cospas Sarsat (Canada, France, Russia, & US only)