WHAT DO WE DO NOW! ??????????
Treaty of Paris ► Makes US independent ► Sets boundary at Mississippi ► Canada to north (British) ► Florida to south (Spain)
Treaty of Paris Continued ► US fishing rights off Canadian coast ► Repay War debt ► British return captured slaves ► Give back Loyalist property
Forming a Republic ► Would be a loose union of states ► Articles of Confederation Main purpose to handle foreign affairs State governments still strong---too strong
Nation grows West
► YOU DECIDE
Nation grows West notes ► Land Ordinance---measures land in 6 by 6 squares ► Northwest Ordinance---provides rules for land ownership Practice freedoms Treat Indians fairly Bans slavery Provides a governor and 3 judges 5,000 free men creates assembly 60,000 allows statehood
► Northwest Ordinance creates five states… Illinois Wisconsin Indiana Michigan Ohio
Shays Rebellion creates a need for stronger government ► Farmers lost land because of need to pay in gold or silver ► Marched on Capital of Mass. ► Defeated by state militia ► Showed the lack of power of Fed. Gov.
Constitutional Convention ► Members known as “Founding Fathers” ► Purpose was to establish rules for everyone ► Met at Independence Hall in Philadelphia
► Big States v. Small states
BIG STATES VIRGINIA PLAN ► Creates 3 branches of government ► Congress chosen based on POPULATION
SMALL STATES New Jersey Plan ► One house---Equal representation
Compromise Connecticut Plan ► Called the “Great Compromise” ► Created two parts to Congress ► One based on Population ( House of Reps.) ► One based equally ( U.S. Senate ) ► Authored by Roger Sherman
Washington becomes President ► April 1789 in New York ► Washington creates Precedent( an example that becomes standard practice) ► Creates first Cabinet Sec. of state—Thomas Jefferson Sec. of Treasury---Alexander Hamilton Sec. of War--- Henry Knox Attorney General---Edmund Randolph
Shifting Arguments ► Federalist vs. Anti-Federalist ► Big State vs. Small State ► Strict Construction vs. Loose Construction
Interpreting the Constitution ► Strict Construction Government only has powers granted in the Constitution Is an Anti-Federalist position ► Thomas Jefferson was a strict constructionist
► Loose Construction Government has the power to do what is necessary and proper---does not have to be in the constitution Is a Federalist position ► Alexander Hamilton was a loose constructionist
Whiskey Rebellion ► Farmer protest against a tax on whiskey ► Farmers marched on Pittsburgh ► Protest was put down by Federal government
Washington retires
► Washington served two terms in office ► Warned against forming political parties Felt political parties would weaken the unity of the American people