Dr. Volker Rachold Alfred Wegener Institute M.S. and PhD, Geochemistry (Goettingen, 1991, 1994) Research Interests: Coastal and Offshore Permafrost Nutrient and Carbon Cycles Sedimentation Processes River Geochemistry Arctic Land- Ocean Interactions

The Role of Coastal Processes in the Arctic System Volker Rachold, AWI Arctic Forum Washington DC May 2004

Hydrodynamic system Atmospheric system Erosion and accretion Thaw consolidation GHG Organic carbon Bathymetry and morphology Human systems Biology and ecosystems Processes Impacts Sediment transport by waves, currents and ice Permafrost degradation Environmental forcing Coastal responses Feedback Volker Rachold, AWI Arctic Forum Washington DC May 2004

Coastal Dynamics as a function of environmental forcing and coastal geology and morphology Volker Rachold, AWI Arctic Forum Washington DC May 2004

Rachold, Eicken, Gordeev, Grigoriev, Hubberten, Lisitzin, Shevchenko and Schirrmeister (2003) Terrigenous Organic Carbon Input to the Arctic Ocean Volker Rachold, AWI Arctic Forum Washington DC May 2004

Current Status of the Arctic Coastal Dynamics (ACD) Coastal Segmentation and Classification (prototype GIS with completed segmentation is anticipated by October 2004) Coastal Subdivisions by Arctic Shelf Seas *based on World Vector Shorelines, excluding islands SectorShoreline length* (km) CSChukchi Sea5,203 ESEast Siberian Sea 3,500 LSLaptev Sea7,931 KSKara Sea10,790 BSBarents Sea6,176 GSCAGreenland Sea/Canadian Archipelago 4,378 CBSCanadian Beaufort Sea 3,787 USBSUS Beaufort Sea 1,958 total43,723 Volker Rachold, AWI Arctic Forum Washington DC May 2004

fieldentry options primary_contact_personprovide name and regional_seaChukchi Sea=CS, East Siberian Sea=ESS, Laptev Sea=LS, Kara Sea=KS, Barents Sea=BS, Greenland Sea/Canadian Archipelago=GSCA, Beaufort Sea=BS onshore (direction landward from the sea) onshore_formdelta=d, lowland( 500m)=h, wetland=w backshore (upper part of the active beach above the normal reach of the tides (high water), but affected by large waves occurring during a high water) backshore_form backshore_elevation backshore_material_1 backshore_material_2 backshore_comment cliff=c, slope=s, flat=f, ridged/terraced=r, anthropogenic=a, complicated=x in meters lithified=l, unlithified=u mud-dominated=m, sand-dominated=s, gravel-dominated=g, diamict=d, organic=o, mixtures= e.g mg, sg text to be added if backshore_form=r or backshore_form=x shore (strip of ground bordering the sea which is alternately exposed, or covered by tides and/or waves) shore_form beach_form shore_material_1 shore_material_2 shore_comment beach=b, shore terrace*=t, cliff=c, complicated=x fringing=f, barrier=b, spit=s (to be filled if shore_form=b) lithified=l, unlithified=u mud-dominated=m, sand-dominated=s, gravel-dominated=g, diamict=d, organic=o, mixtures= e.g mg, sg text to be added if shore_form = x offshore depth_closure** distance_2m_isobath distance_5m_isobath distance_10m_isobath distance_100m_isobath offshore_material in meters (if available) mud-dominated=m, sand-dominated=s, gravel-dominated=g, diamict=d, organic=o, mixtures= e.g mg, sg ACD Coastal Classification Template Jerry Brown, Volker Rachold and the ACD Group Arctic Science Summit Week Reykjavik, Island April 2004 Volker Rachold, AWI Arctic Forum Washington DC May 2004

fieldentry options general ground_ice_1 ground_ice_2 ground_ice_comment change_rate change_rate_interval dynamic_process dry_bulk_density organic_C soil_organic_C low(2-20)=l, medium(20-50)=m, high(>50)=h in % total volume of shoreline (best guess!) text to be added if ground ice template was filled out in meter/year (erosion=minus, accumulation=plus) in years (years of observation, e.g ) erosive=e, stable=s, accumulative=a (interpretation, only to be filled out if change rate is not available) in t/m3 (if no data available use: clay=1.3, silt=1.5, sand=2, or mixtures, e.g. silty sand=1.8) in weight % (best guess!) in kg/m2 (if available) environmental (not included here, will be available as separate GIS layer) data_sourcestext (provide the sources or references(citation) of used information, i.e. published, unpublished observations or reports) commentstext (space for additional comments) ACD Coastal Classification Template (2) Volker Rachold, AWI Arctic Forum Washington DC May 2004

Volker Rachold, AWI Arctic Forum Washington DC May 2004 Jorgenson and Brown (in press)

Volker Rachold, AWI Arctic Forum Washington DC May 2004 Jorgenson and Brown (in press)

Volker Rachold, AWI Arctic Forum Washington DC May 2004 Jorgenson and Brown (in press)

Volker Rachold, AWI Arctic Forum Washington DC May 2004 Jorgenson and Brown (in press)

Sampling for organic geochemical analyses in the Laptev Sea Volker Rachold, AWI Arctic Forum Washington DC May 2004

Net coastal change in the Canadian Beaufort Sea from 1972 to 2000 overlain on a Landsat image mosaic (provided by Environment Canada). Volker Rachold, AWI Arctic Forum Washington DC May 2004 Solomon (in press)

Amount of shoreline retreat between 1987 and 2000 at Varandei settlement (Barents Sea) Volker Rachold, AWI Arctic Forum Washington DC May 2004 Ogorodov (in press)

Analyses of Environmental Data: Storm counts Volker Rachold, AWI Arctic Forum Washington DC May 2004 Atkinson (in press)

Cliff edge retreat rate versus the total wave energy Coastal retreat rate versus the number of days with storms Temporal changes in the retreat rate of cliff edge Volker Rachold, AWI Arctic Forum Washington DC May 2004 Vasiliev, Kanevskiy, Cherkashov and Vanshtein (in press) Monitoring of coastal retreat rates at the key site Marre Sale (Kara Sea)

Model of the sub-sea permafrost table relief at the Marre Sale key site (Kara Sea) Volker Rachold, AWI Arctic Forum Washington DC May 2004 Rekant, Cherkashov, Vanshtein and Krynitsky (in press)

Transition of Onshore to Offshore Permafrost in the Arctic Coastal Zone Concept of a Coastal Drilling Program in the Western Laptev Sea – German-Russian Expedition COAST 1 (Rachold, 2003) Volker Rachold, AWI Arctic Forum Washington DC May 2004

Coastal Permafrost Drilling Profile at „Mammontovy Klyk“ (Western Laptev Sea) – Pilot Study by M.N. Grigoriev, April 2003 Volker Rachold, AWI Arctic Forum Washington DC May 2004

Volker Rachold, AWI Arctic Forum Washington DC May 2004 Schematic map of relic offshore ice bearing permafrost thickness on the East Siberian Arctic Shelf (Simulation for geothermal heat flux of 45 mW/m 2 ) Ice bearing permafrost thickness [m] 1- discontinuous, 100 and less in rifts with open taliks 7- open taliks following large tectonic fractures 8-coastal permafrost thickness 9- Arctic Shelf boundary Romanovskii, Hubberten, Gavrilov, Eliseeva and Tipenko (in press)

ACD Products Circum-Arctic Coastal Photo Collection Volker Rachold, AWI Arctic Forum Washington DC May 2004 Metadata Information for key sites Bibliography of Russian Literature

ACD Publications Reports on Polar and Marine Research Berichte zur Polar- und Meeresforschung Arctic Coastal Dynamics Report of an International Workshop Potsdam (Germany) November 2001 Edited by Volker Rachold, Jerry Brown and Steve Solomon Reports on Polar and Marine Research Berichte zur Polar- und Meeresforschung Arctic Coastal Dynamics Report of the 3 rd International Workshop Oslo (Norway), 2-5 December 2002 Edited by Volker Rachold, Jerry Brown, Steve Solomon and Johan Ludvig Sollid Volker Rachold, AWI Arctic Forum Washington DC May 2004 Reports on Polar and Marine Research Berichte zur Polar- und Meeresforschung in press 2004 Arctic Coastal Dynamics Report of the 4 th International Workshop St. Petersburg (Russia), November 2003 Edited by Volker Rachold and Georgy Cherkashov

ACD Publications (2) Arctic Coastal Dynamics – Special Issue of GeoMarine Letters V. Rachold, F. Are, J. Brown, G. Cherkashov, M. N. Grigoriev, H.-W. Hubberten, J.L. Sollid and S. Solomon - Preface and overview of the IASC/IPA-Project Arctic Coastal Dynamics (ACD) F. E. Are, M. N. Grigoriev, H.-W. Hubberten and V. Rachold - Using thermoterrace dimensions to calculate the coastal erosion rate D. E. Atkinson - Environmental forcing of the circum-Polar coastal regime D. Drozdov and F. Rivkin - A Geo-Information System (GIS) to display and analyze coastal dynamics of the Russian Arctic T. Jorgenson and J. Brown - The U.S. Beaufort Sea coast: regional classification and estimation of sediment and carbon inputs from erosion G.K. Manson, S.M. Solomon, D.L. Forbes, D.E. Atkinson, and M. Craymer - Spatial Variability Of Factors Influencing Coastal Change In The Western Canadian Arctic S. L. Nikiforov, Yu. A. Pavlidis, V. Rachold, N. A. Aibulatov, M. N. Grigoryev, F. M. Rivkin, N.V.Ivanova and M.M.Koreisha - Morphogenetic classification of Arctic coasts S. A. Ogorodov - Coastal dynamics in the Pechora Sea under human impact S. A. Ogorodov, A. M. Kamalov, G. K. Zubakin and Yu. P. Gudoshnikov - The role of sea ice in coastal and bottom dynamics in the Pechora Sea V. Ostroumov, V. Rachold and Sorokovikov - Coastal erosion sediment and organic carbon input to the East Siberian Sea N. Romanovkii, H.-W. Hubberten, A. Gavrilov, V. Tumskoy and V. Romanovsky -Recent Offshore Permafrost State and Processes of the East Siberian Arctic Shelf A. Sharov - Studying changes of ice coasts in the Russian Arctic A. Vasiliev, M. Kanevskiy, G Cherkashov and B. Vanshtein -Permafrost and coastal dynamics at the Barents and Kara Sea key sites S. Solomon - Spatial and temporal variability of shoreline change in the Beaufort- Mackenzie region, Northwest Territories, Canada B. Vanshtein, G. Cherkashov, P. Rekant and P. Krinitsky - Permafrost characteristics and dynamics of the southern part of Kara Sea coastal zone coming soon... Volker Rachold, AWI Arctic Forum Washington DC May 2004

Integration of Geophysical and Biological Studies Biological and Ecological Assessments Marine and Coastal Biodiversity Geological Coastline Characterization Sediment and Organic Carbon Input Environmental Forcing Human Interactions (Anthropogenic Stressors) Risk Assessment Sustainable Development Volker Rachold, AWI Arctic Forum Washington DC May 2004

Volker Rachold, AWI Arctic Forum Washington DC May 2004 Arctic Coastal Biodiversity Assessment Ecoregional Analysis Species Habitat Models Restoration Areas Local Special Features Landscape Pattern Anthropogenic Stressors Model Results ACD Coastal Data Source: Cogan 2001

Arctic Coastal Biodiversity (ACBio) – Development of a Science and Implementation Plan for a new IASC project 5 th Arctic Coastal Dynamics (ACD) Workshop – Montreal (Canada), October AGU Fall Meeting – Special Session on Arctic Permafrost Coasts International Conference on Arctic Planning (ICARP II) - Copenhagen (Denmark), Autumn 2005 Coastal Working Group Theme Near-future Activities Volker Rachold, AWI Arctic Forum Washington DC May 2004

Financial support by the following organizations is highly appreciated: International Arctic Sciences Committee (IASC) International Permafrost Association (IPA) Canadian Department of Foreign Affairs and International Trade (DFAIT): Canada-Germany agreement INTAS (International Association for the promotion of co-operation with scientists from the New Independent States of the former Soviet Union): project numbers INTAS Open Call and INTAS Open Call International Arctic Research Center (IARC): grant “Analysis of Coastal Meteorological and Oceanographic Forcing in the Arctic Basin” German Ministry for Education and Research / Russian Ministry for Research and Technology: grant: “Permafrost Dynamics in the Laptev Sea” Financial support by the following organizations is highly appreciated: International Arctic Sciences Committee (IASC) International Permafrost Association (IPA) Canadian Department of Foreign Affairs and International Trade (DFAIT): Canada-Germany agreement INTAS (International Association for the promotion of co-operation with scientists from the New Independent States of the former Soviet Union): project numbers INTAS Open Call and INTAS Open Call International Arctic Research Center (IARC): grant “Analysis of Coastal Meteorological and Oceanographic Forcing in the Arctic Basin” German Ministry for Education and Research / Russian Ministry for Research and Technology: grant: “Permafrost Dynamics in the Laptev Sea” Acknowledgements Volker Rachold, AWI Arctic Forum Washington DC May 2004