Progressivism & Social Changes

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Presentation transcript:

Progressivism & Social Changes **Prohibition

What was prohibited by “Prohibition” in the U.S.? Alcohol consumption Chinese Immigration Women voting Child labor NOTICE! Prohibition ≠ prohibition

Poll Before you started studying this chapter, did you know that the U.S. had once banned alcohol? Yes. No!

Question Alcohol was prohibited in the U.S. during most of the Progressive Era. True False

Questions I will answer in today’s lecture: How, when & why was alcohol prohibited in America? Why was Prohibition repealed (cancelled) later? What was life like in America during the Prohibition Era?

Social Change Movements (Progressivism) Women were especially vocal about moral issues: Suffrage (equal voting rights for women) Social Work (helping the poor) Temperance (Not drinking alcohol)

II. The Temperance Movement (1850s – 1919)

Problems with Alcohol 1 - Too many saloons (1 per 150 people) Saloons couldn’t make $$$ Added gambling Added prostitution

Problems with Alcohol 2 - Social workers saw family problems Men wasting money at saloons Violence toward wives / children

Problems with Alcohol 3 - Alcohol-related disease Alcoholism (addiction) Liver Damage Early Death

Temperance Campaign (1850 – 1920) 1. Temperance Beliefs: Alcohol = Evil Even 1 drink  addiction! All problems caused by alcohol (unemployment, poverty, crime, immorality, violence, disease, inequality of women) 2. Solution: Make America “dry”

Temperance Campaign 3. Also an Anti-Immigrant campaign Irish (whiskey) “Cultures of drink” Irish (whiskey) Germans (beer) Italians (wine) Russians (vodka)

4. The role of women in the Temperance Movement Vocal & politically active

The role of women in the Temperance Movement Vocal & politically active

The role of women in the Temperance Movement Vocal & politically active Won men’s support for equal voting rights 1920 – 19th Amendment = universal suffrage

III. Anti-Alcohol Legislation

Anti-Alcohol Legislation 1850s – 1918 - Many local laws 1919 - The Volstead Act (national law) Prohibited the production, sale, & transport of alcohol for drinking 1919 - 18th Amendment to the Constitution (a.k.a “Prohibition”- effective as of 1920)

Progressive Era ≠ Prohibition Era NOTE! Progressive Era ≠ Prohibition Era

IV. Prohibition Era in America (1920-1933)

Alcohol Vocabulary Liquor = alcohol Booze (slang) = alcohol To go on a bender = (slang) to drink a lot A speakeasy = a secret, illegal club or bar that served alcohol during Prohibition

Bootleg (adj) / Bootlegger (n. person) Original meaning Prohibition Era Today

Documentary – Homework Check

Comprehension Questions Who made a lot of money during Prohibition? The U.S. Government The Police Organized criminal gangs Temperance leaders

Comprehension Questions According to the video, drinking ____________ during the Prohibition Era. increased stayed the same decreased

Documentary – Images of Prohibition What did you see in the video?

V. The Repeal of Prohibition

Why was Prohibition repealed in 1933? 1. Crime soared Bootleggers and gangsters made a fortune. Al Capone Most powerful gangster in Chicago

Why was Prohibition repealed in 1933? 2. Drinking actually increased Glamorous speakeasies (for women too!) Maybe!

Increase in Drinking is Disputed! Source: U.S. Alcohol Epidemiologic Data Reference Manual (Vol. 1, Rockville, Md. : U.S. Dept. of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Alcohol, Drug Abuse, and Mental Health Administration, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, 1985): Accessed at: http://prohibition.osu.edu/brewing/consumption.cfm

Why was Prohibition repealed in 1933? 3. Alcohol-related deaths increased Homemade alcohol was dangerous.

Why was Prohibition repealed in 1933? 4. Public Pressure

Why was Prohibition repealed in 1933? 5. Enforcement took too much time and $ Lawyers Police

What was happening in America in 1933? The Great Depression Very weak economy High unemployment Repeal of Prohibition = Gov’t could collect liquor taxes Jobs!

VI. Drinking in America Today

What is the legal drinking age in the U.S. today? 16 18 20 21 No limit

What is the legal drinking age in your country? None. Anyone can drink legally. 18 19 20 None. It is illegal to drink alcohol.