The McKinney-Vento Homeless Assistance Act: Knowing and Implementing the Law

The McKinney-Vento Homeless Assistance Act Outline I.How Many Children Experience Homelessness in Alabama? II.Where Homeless Children Live III.McKinney-Vento Act IV.Local Liaisons V.Who Qualifies for Service VI.Determining Eligibility VII.School Enrollment VIII.Permissible Usage of Funds

How many children experience homelessness in Alabama? 11,687 reported enrolled in Alabama 11,687 reported enrolled in Alabama ( Data) ( Data) 12,859 reported enrolled in Alabama 12,859 reported enrolled in Alabama ( Data) ( Data) 16,287 reported enrolled in Alabama 16,287 reported enrolled in Alabama ( Data) ( Data) Where do most of the homeless students live in Alabama? 18,910 reported enrolled in Alabama 18,910 reported enrolled in Alabama ( Data) ( Data)

Where do homeless children live in Alabama? 1.Shelters, transitional housing, awaiting foster care - 2,681 2.Doubled-up (e.g. living with another family) - 14,547 3.Unsheltered (e.g. cars, parks, campgrounds, temporary trailer, or abandoned buildings) Hotels/Motels Total 18,910

The McKinney-Vento Act Subtitle VII-B of the McKinney-Vento Homeless Assistance Act; reauthorized by Title X, Part C of NCLB Main themes of the McKinney-Vento Act: School access School stability Support for academic success Child-centered, best interest decision making Critical role of the local homeless education liaison

Local Liaisons Local liaisons play a critical role in the implementation of the McKinney- Vento Act Every school district must designate a local homeless education liaison. Local liaison responsibilities include: Identifying homeless children and youth Ensuring that homeless students can enroll immediately and participate fully in school

Local Liaisons (cont) Informing parents, guardians, or youth of educational rights Supporting unaccompanied youth in school selection and dispute resolution Linking homeless students with educational and other services, including preschool and health services Ensuring the public posting of educational rights through the school district and community; NCHE Educational Rights Posters are available at Ensuring that disputes are resolved promptly Collaborating with other district programs and community agencies

Who Qualifies For Services? Children or youth who lack a fixed, regular, and adequate nighttime residence, including:  Sharing the housing of others due to loss of housing, economic hardship, or similar reason (“doubling up”)  Living in motels, hotels, trailer parks, camping grounds due to the lack of adequate alternative accommodations

Who Qualifies? (cont)  Living in emergency or transitional shelters  Abandoned in hospitals  Awaiting foster care placement  Living in a public or private place not designed for humans to live  Living in cars, parks, abandoned buildings, substandard housing, bus or train stations, or a similar setting  Migratory children living in the above circumstances  Unaccompanied youth living in the above circumstances

Determining Eligibility: “The Ground Rules” Reference NCHE’s Determining Eligibility and Confirming Eligibility briefs at Determinations are made on a case-by-case basis by examining the living arrangement of each child or youth Some instances will be clear-cut; others will require further inquiry and then a judgment call Use fixed, regular, and adequate as your guiding principles; if the living arrangement does not meet all three criteria, it is considered a homeless situation

Determining Eligibility: “Fixed, Regular, and Adequate?” Fixed: Stationary, permanent, and not subject to change Regular: Used on a predictable, routine, or consistent basis (e.g. nightly) Adequate: Sufficient for meeting both the physical and psychological needs typically met in home environments

Determining Eligibility: “The Process” Step 1: Get the facts – Sample enrollment questionnaires can be found at Step 2: Analyze the facts – Does the living situation fit into one of the specific examples of homelessness listed in the law? – Does the living situation fit another type of situation that is not fixed, regular, and adequate?

Determining Eligibility: “The Process” (cont) Step 3: Get Additional Input – Contact your State Coordinator; Jan Murray or – Contact the NCHE helpline at or

Enrollment States and districts must develop, review, and revise policies to remove barriers to the school enrollment and retention of homeless children and youth McKinney-Vento defines enrollment as attending classes and participating fully in school activities The McKinney-Vento Act supersedes state or local law or practice when there is a conflict [U.S. Constitution, Article VI]

Enrollment (cont) Homeless children and youth have the right to enroll in school immediately, even if lacking documentation normally required for enrollment If a student does not have immunizations or medical records, the local liaison must assist immediately in obtaining them, and the student must be enrolled in the interim

Enrollment (cont.) Enrolling schools must request school records from the student’s previous school immediately, and students must be enrolled in school while records are obtained Schools must make their records available promptly when a student transfers to a new school or district

I-NOW

Using Title I-A Set-Aside Funds  Set-aside funds can be used to provide:  Services to homeless students attending Title I-A or non- Title I-A schools that are comparable to those provided to non-homeless students in Title I schools  Services to homeless students that are not ordinarily provided to other Title I students and that are not available from other sources, according to the need of the homeless student (e.g. comparable may not mean identical)  Title I funds should be used to support the student in meeting the state’s academic standards

Permissible Usages of Funds  Tutoring (including in shelters, motels, and other places where homeless students live)  School uniforms (if not available from other sources)  Transportation to participate in afterschool activities  Health, nutrition, and other social services, if not available from any other source (including basic medical equipment, such as eyeglasses and/or hearing aids)  Title I-A set-aside funds should be used only to the extent that services and supports are not available from other sources  Counseling services to address anxiety related to homelessness that is impeding learning

Permissible Usages:  Outreach services to students living in shelters, motels, and other temporary residences  Extended learning time (before and after school, Saturday classes, summer school) to compensate for lack of quiet time for homework in shelters or other overcrowded living conditions  Tutoring services  Parental involvement specifically oriented to reaching out to parents of homeless students  Fees for AP and IB testing  Fees for SAT/ACT testing  GED testing for school-age students  Supporting the position of the local liaison

Additional federal funds are available by applying for a Competitive McKinney-Vento Grant each year. Deadline for application WAS August 31, Jan Murray or