Papers due WEDNESDAY.

Theodor Herzl Der Judenstaat (The Jewish State) World Zionist Organization

Where to put a Jewish state? Britain offered land in Uganda WZO split over the issue.

ALIYA “going up” to Israel : first mass migrations. Start of Kibbutz movement: collective farms.

W W I Palestine under control of Turkey –Ottoman Empire After war, Britain is in control

1917 Balfour declaration “Jewish Homeland” promised by Britain “Best efforts” extend only to the point where efforts would lead to discrimination anywhere.

W W I British pacified Arabs, promised Palestine to them for aid in fighting Turks.

Post W W I More migrations in 1920’s Jewish socialist movements in Palestine Hopes that social reforms would put Judaism at the peak of human culture.

Jewish Arab relations 1920’s growing militancy in Zionist movement. Hopes for a JEWISH state but non-Jews must be given full rights Arab fighters assisted by Britain. Jewish immigration banned.

W W II Growing militancy in Palestine: Jewish police force forms, Paramilitary organizations grow.

Post W W II Britain rejects Zionist proposals Secret immigration and violence

1947 United Nations USA USSR agree to a Jewish state British Mandate ended

UN Plan 2 States Jerusalem International city. Jewish state relatively small.

May Provisional government declared 15 May British rule ends

1 st Arab Israeli War Stalemate Many Palestinian refugees. Arab states often rejected them.

Population shifts: late 40’s 50’s Massive immigration to Jews into Israel Large scale refugee movements: Palestinians out of Israel. Wholesale expulsions of Jews from Arab nations.

Law of Return “Every Jew has the right to come to Israel as an immigrant”

1956 Second war Egypt nationalizes Suez canal Brit. France mobilize Egypt Masses troops on Israeli border Isr. Attacks, reaches canal in 4 days Withdrawal from Sinai

“6 Day War” June 1967 Arab states plan to attack Israel Israel strikes first.

Occupied Territories Sinai peninsula Gaza Strip West Bank (Jordan) Golan Heights (Syria) Jerusalem.

Yom Kippur War Oct Egypt attacks across Suez Syria attacks Golan Heights Israeli counterattacks regain land.

Hope for Peace? Sadat of Egypt signs peace deal with Begin of Israel “Camp David” Sadat assassinated by Islamicist extremists. Israel withdraws again from Egyptian territory.

1994 Yitzhak Rabin makes peace agreement with Palestinians. Assisinated in 1995 by Jewish radical.

Issues in Israel How “religious” should the country be? How much of the bible story should govern policies? –Davidic empire? –Are Arabs “Canaanites”? Who is a Jew? Jews who convert to Christianity? Secular Jews?