UNIREG IMPULSE Regionalna sveučilišta kao generator razvoja pograničnih područja Hrvatske i Mađarske Regional Universities as Generators of Transnational Knowledge Region Hungary, 23 th November 2010 SNJEŽANA TOLIĆ The LEADER experiences in Croatia

UNIREG IMPULSE Regional Universities as Generators of Transnational Knowledge Region P R E S E N T A T I O N C O N T E N T 1.MEET THE RURAL REGIONS IN CROATIA 2.IMPLEMENTATION OF RURAL POLICY AND LEADER APPROACH IN CROATIA 3.LEADER GROUPS IN CROATIA 4.NEW LAGs INITITATIVES

Croatia is constituted by 21 counties Counties belong under NUTS3 CLASSIFICATION - rural regions whit minimum 150 inhabitants/m 2 only ‘City of Zagreb’ is urban county Inhabitants in total: ± stanovnika.

Meet Croatia Year Working Popul. Agricul. worker % agricul. worker in total , , , , ,50 Year Tipes of family farms AgrarianPart-timeTotal No.% % Table 1. Agricultural worker share rate in number of total worker Table 2. Types of family farms in Croatia, thousands Source: Agricultural censusSource: Census of population, households and wellings

Total agricultural area ( ha) Total arable land ha 20% 80% 33% 67% Private family farms Successors of state enterprises Ownership structure in Croatia Census 2001.

Stanovništvo RH staro 15 i više godina prema najvišoj završenoj školi (%) Gradska naselja Ruralna naselja Bez škole1,704,34 1 – 3 razreda o.š.2,936, razreda o-š.6,3217,51 Osnovna škola17,9226,64 Srednje škole52,9439,56 Viša škola i stručni studij5,672,05 Fakulteti i umjetničke akademije 11,32,49 Magisterij i doktorat0,9 17,87 0,1 4,64 Ukupno

I. Instability in sphere of political decision-making  Croatia doesn’t have the general strategy of regional and rural development  nowadays there are some regional initiatives which should be supported by counties autority II. Educational level  71.5 % of unemployment persons - below secondary school  less than 1% of unemployment persons is interested in self-employment programs or additional education subsidy programs Some entrepreneurship restraints

East Croatia is the largest agricultural region in Croatia. It is composed of five counties. Osijek- Baranya county is the most progressive county in East Croatia. Osijek, the largest city centre and greatest consumer of agricultural products in households and food industry of the whole region is situated here. The county has inhabitants. Osijek-baranja countis is the most progresiv county in East Croatia

 here is located Osijek, the biggest city in the region  until ’90s - among the most developed regions in Croatia  war situation as well as market loss resulted in BDP reduction by more than 40%  a lot of workers lost the job in non agricultural sector  population moving were accelerated during ‘90s from villages  urban/rural population rate nowadays is 63:37 (state average - 52:48) Osijek-Baranja county ● some general atributes

Agricultural land by types of cultivation Total sown land Osijek - Baranja county Counties statistics, arable lands and gardens 90% vineyards 1% pastures 6% orchards 1% meadows 2% cereals 70% industrial plants 20.3% vegetables 4.2% forage crops 5% other plants 0.5% Granary oriented

Types of settlements Osijek-Baranja county A1–the number of employees in the city/municipals; A2–the number of total employees in Croatia: B1- the number of residents in the city/municipal; B2 – total residents in Croatia

Zagreb region East Croatia North Croatia Lika and Banovina Istra, Primorje and G.Kotar Dalmatian region TEA index (total entrepreneurial activity index) - Croatia TEA index - number of new business and young enterprises – not more than 42 months, by the total number of working able people

There are predominated three groups of reasons: I.Historical events in socialistic period which task were to make the private sector weakly II.Very difficult position in peasant economy III.Absence of political will and consensus in sphere of urban-rural prioritetes Non-adaptive environment to rural policy measures

LEADER approach  In October implementation of LEADER in Croatia officially started through TAIEX, under the auspices of the EC, the Ministry of Agronomy, Fishery and Rural Development, and the Ministry of Regional Development, Forestry and Water Management.  Croatian rural policy was generally defined by adoption of the Plan for agronomy and rural development in the framework of the IPARD Programme for the period  That act offers Croatia the possibility of implementation of LEADER approach which will in the future surely accelerate democratisation and development processes.

According the pre-accession process to EU, Croatia starting in implementation of LEADER approach with a whole set of problems: absence of interests and low level of activities by local inhabitans, underdeveloped cohesion elements and structures in local and region areas, etc. According EU suggestions, Croatia must generate adequate conditions to aplaying the LEADER approach - a new modality for financing of rural development programmes Leader approach through IPA-RD programme is a new chance for rural Croatia.

Canties ability for the Leader approach implementation (according chosen indicators) A - Index of population vitality B - Migration/1000 inhabitants C - Median of monthly equivalent of household income (PPS) D - Total unemployment rate E - Agricultural family enterprises/10 agricultural households F - Agricultural family farms >=20 ha,% in total G - High education people, % in total H - Number of NGO and foundations/1000 inhabitants

Indicators ABCDEFGH Total RANG Istria county Dubrovnik- Neretva Zadar Split Dalmatia Primorje-Gorski K Šibenik-Knin Zagreb County Međimurje Varaždin Vukovar-Syrmia Osijek-Baranja Koprivnica-Križev Lika-Senj Bjelovar-Bilogora Virovitica- Podrav Požega-Slavonia Brod-Posavina Krapina-Zagorje Karlovac Sisak Moslavina Rang of Croatian rural counties

REGISTARS KI BROJ NAZIVSJEDIŠTE LOKALNA AKCIJSKA GRUPA "BILOGORA-PAPUK"GRUBIŠNO POLJE, TR LOKALNA AKCIJSKA GRUPA "KARAŠICA"BELIŠĆE, KRALJA TO LOKALNA AKCIJSKA GRUPA "LAURA"BIOGRAD NA MORU, T LOKALNA AKCIJSKA GRUPA "ČETIRI RIJEKE"SISAK, GALDOVAČKA LOKALNA AKCIJSKA GRUPA FILOZIĆI-OTOK CRESFILOZIĆI, FILOZIĆI LOKALNA AKCIJSKA GRUPA GORSKI KOTARSKRAD, JOSIPA BLAŽ LOKALNA AKCIJSKA GRUPA PETROVA GORAGVOZD, KRALJA PETR LOKALNA AKCIJSKA GRUPA SUTLAZAGORSKA SELA, ZAG LOKALNA AKCIJSKA GRUPA UNADVOR, S. I A.RADIĆ LOKALNA AKCIJSKA GRUPA VALLIS COLAPIS LOKALNA AKCIJSKA GRUPA "PRIGORJE-ZAGORJE OZALJ, KURILOVAC 1 NOVI MAROF, TRG HR... Registar udruga Republike Hrvatske Local action groups in Croatia, according NGOs Registar, October 2010.

LAGs in process Established LAGs

 24% working age population is employed in agriculture - authors’ estimation according to Agricultural census  31 settlements belong to agricultural type of 35 settlements in which predominate traditional peasant economy  1 employee with some form of recorded employment status per 15 inhabitants in average  very high poverty rate (18% Croatian average)  long-term unemployment - the most common reason for poverty II: Croatian peasant position in market economy Osijek-Baranja county LAG BARANJA Established in the end of 2009.

Cities and municipalities Inhabitents in toltal Size km 2 People in working women (15-59) and men(15-64) broj % Average age of population Ageing indeks Heigh education rate % Belišće ,671,13,11 Donji Miholjac ,274,76,32 Našice ,461,37,59 Valpovo ,773,26,84 Bizovac ,04,02 Donja Motičina ,953,50,80 Đurđenovac ,782,13,70 Feričanci ,292,04,38 Koška ,987,72,49 Magadenovac ,1112,91,70 Marijanci ,282,21,40 Petrijevci ,993,44,11 Podgorač ,1112,31,72 Podravska Moslavina ,875,31,24 Viljevo ,8109,71,21 LAG Karas. Area ,490,64,75 Croatia ,390,79,87 LAG Karašica – established

CONCLUSIONS  The new development approach will necessarily upload the new point of view about green technology; strategy of prudence; new mental models etc. and sensibility for social, environment and etics issues.  Every individual is responsible for community welfare problems  Connections and complementarity between regional and rural policy are necesserily  Role of State must ensure balanced development assumtion  in rural region educational trening and

CONCLUSIONS  The LEADER approach is emphasized like the best way to achieve higher level of intellectual and social capital in the rural area.  It has abilities to harmonize regional and rural policy toward the actualization of social and ecological goals.  Consequently, it is necessary to reexamine values of secular social tendency for the account of holistic science which will be able to respond on the affairs in sphere of ethic and spiritual nature of human being in the future and its relationship with environment.  I belive that LEADER approach implementation have potential for new rural renaisance.

UNIREG IMPULSE Regionalna sveučilišta kao generator razvoja pograničnih područja Hrvatske i Mađarske Regional Universities as Generators of Transnational Knowledge Region Hungary, 23 th November 2010 THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION