GENDER DIFFERENCE OF EFFECTS OF RAPE SUPPORTIVE ATTITUDE toward THE JUDGMENT OF GUILT OR INNOCENCE IN A MOCK JURY TRIAL EXPERIMENT N. Kitakaze 1, T.Ito.

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GENDER DIFFERENCE OF EFFECTS OF RAPE SUPPORTIVE ATTITUDE toward THE JUDGMENT OF GUILT OR INNOCENCE IN A MOCK JURY TRIAL EXPERIMENT N. Kitakaze 1, T.Ito 2, T. Inoue 3 1 National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan 2 Wako University, Tokyo, Japan 3 Meiji Gakuin University, Tokyo, Japan Objectives: In Japan, citizen judge system came into force on May 21, 2009, under which citizen judge selected from the general public participate in a criminal trial for serious cases. Citizen judge, consisting of six people, with three professional judges, determine whether the defendant is guilty or not and what sentence if guilty. (the ministry of justice HP) It is important to choose the saiban-in who have a non-judgmental attitude for the defendant and complainant. But in rape cases, the previous research on judgment of date rape, factors influencing judgment of date rape in decision makers indicated the significance of gender (Pollard, 1992; Kitakaze et al., 2011) and rape supportive attitude (Lottes, 1998; Kitakaze, 2011). The purpose of this study is that to examine the effects of rape supportive attitude and educational intervention about rape on the judgment of rape, an experiment was conducted by using scenarios of mock jury trials. Methods: Participants 70 students at two colleges (35 males, 35 females), with an average age of years (SD = 2.73) for the males, and years (SD = 2.07) for the females. investigation procedure Between January and August 2011, a scenario experiment took place in a regular classroom within the university, lasting about one hour. The participants followed the instructions on a piece of paper, and after answering a pre-test, they read the teaching materials 1. After a break, then they completed post-test 1, and read the teaching materials 2. After a second break, they answered post-test 2. Thus the experiment was of a three-factor mixed design, with the gender of the participant × instructional contents (AB, BA, CA, CB, CC’) × time of measurement (pre-test, post-test 1, post- test 2). Questionnaire Content (1) Explanation of experiment content; (2) juridical knowledge; (3) overview of criminal court trial; (4) judgment of guilt/innocence (1 innocence with certainty – 7 guilt with certainty) and period of sentence ( years in prison) ; (5) rape supportive attitude scale (RSAS) ; (6) demographic factors; (7) presentation of educational material 1; (8) sort/listing; (9) post-test 1 (same as (3)-(5)); (10) presentation of educational material 2; (11) sort/listing; (12) post-test 2 (same as (3)-(5)). Lottes, I. (1991). Belief systems: Sexuality and rape. Journal of Psychology & Human Sexuality, 4, Gray, J. M. (2006). Rape myth beliefs and prejudiced instructions: Effects on decisions of guilt in a case of date rape. Legal and Criminological Psychology. 11, References Conclusions: The effects of educational interventions about rape on the judgment of guilt/innocence were different between male and female. Men with high rape supportive attitude tend to judge a rape offender guilty, while women’s judgment was independent from rape supportive attitude. Results: Three-factor analysis of variance on the judgment of guilt/innocence with independent variables of five types, x RSAS (high, low) x time of measurement (3) revealed that, for men, interaction of RSAS and time of measurement was statistically significant. For women, simple main effect of time of measurement was significant.