Chapter 5 Global Temperatures

Global Temperatures Temperature Concepts and Measurement Principal Temperature Controls   Earth’s Temperature Patterns  Air Temperature and the Human Body 

Temperature Concepts and Measurement Temperature Scales  Fahrenheit Celsius Kelvin  Measuring Temperature  

Temperature Scales Figure 5.1

Thermometer and Instrument Shelter Figure 5.2 Figure 5.3

Principal Temperature Controls Latitude   Affects insolation Altitude   High altitude has greater daily range High altitude has lower annual average Cloud Cover   High albedo Moderate temperatures – cooler days, warmer nights

Latitude and Temperature Figure 5.4

Altitude Figure 5.5

Land–Water Heating Differences Evaporation Transparency Specific heat Movement Ocean currents and sea-surface temperatures Marine vs. continental effects

Land–Water Heating Differences Figure 5.7

Land Is Opaque Figure 5.8

The Gulf Stream Figure 5.10

Sea-Surface Temperatures Figure 5.11

Marine and Continental Climates: Vancouver vs. Winnipeg Figure 5.12

Marine and Continental Climates: San Francisco vs. Wichita Figure 5.13

Marine and Continental Climates: Trondheim vs. Verkhoyansk Figure 5.16

Earth’s Temperature Patterns January Temperature Map   Thermal equator movement southward More pronounced over large continents July Temperature Map   Thermal equator movement northward Annual Temperature Range Map Continentality

January Temperatures (b) (c) (a) Figure 5.14

January Temperatures Figure 5.14

July Temperatures (c) (b) (a) Figure 5.17

July Temperatures Figure 5.17

Global Temperature Ranges Figure 5.19

Arctic Sea Ice Changes Figure HLC 5.1.1

Air Temperature and the Human Body Wind chill Correlates cold and wind speed Heat index Correlates heat and humidity

Wind Chill Table Figure FS 5.1.1

Heat Index Table Figure FS 5.1.2

Geosystems 7e An Introduction to Physical Geography End of Chapter 5 Geosystems 7e An Introduction to Physical Geography