The Conference Board of Canada Performance and Potential The Changing Face of Leadership Charles A. Barrett Vice-President, The Conference Board of Canada September 18, 2001

The Conference Board of Canada

5th Report

The Conference Board of Canada ECONOMIC SOCIAL Economic & Social Systems fit together The Conference Board Believes That….... our social and economic systems are synergistic

The Conference Board of Canada The Conference Board Said That... “By any measure of socio-economic prosperity— economic wealth, material possessions, natural resources, health, education, or strong standing in the global marketplace—Canadians are among the richest, most comfortable people in the world.” Performance & Potential 1996

The Conference Board of Canada The Conference Board Also Believes That We can not sustain what we now have unless we change, and that actions by leaders can affect our prospects—“this privileged position is not guaranteed” Performance & Potential 1996

The Conference Board of Canada A Society’s Goal: A High and Sustainable Quality of Life Health & society EnvironmentEducation Innovation Economy Labour markets these are the fundamental underpinnings

The Conference Board of Canada Benchmarking Shows Us the “Possible” Six of the Best

The Conference Board of Canada some where we do very well, some poor so we can learn from others this is not just for countries; it applies equally to organizations Benchmarking Indicators Shows Us What is Possible

The Conference Board of Canada Performance & Potential 2000 The Top 40 Record On the Top 40 indicators compared to 6 of the best, we are a... Top performer on 10 Average performer on 14 Poor performer on 16

The Conference Board of Canada Canada’s Performance—The Top 40 Record Socio-Econ.No. of CurrentThe Overall Top Categories Ind’trsPerformancePerformer Source: The Conference Board of Canada Economy6AverageU.S. Labour Markets 4TopNorway Innovation6PoorSweden Environment4PoorSweden Education/skills8AverageU.S. Health/society12AverageJapan

The Conference Board of Canada Canada—The Top 40 Record by Category Socio-EconomicTopAveragePoor CategoriesPerformerPerformerPerformer Source: The Conference Board of Canada Economic213 Labour 220 Innovation105 Environment022 Education/skills314 Health/society282 Total Indicators101416

The Conference Board of Canada How is Canada Doing? Sample benchmark indicators of labour, education/skills and innovation

The Conference Board of Canada Standardized Unemployment Rate, 2000Q1 (per cent of labour force) Source: OECD Internet release.

The Conference Board of Canada Per Cent of the Population Attaining Post- Secondary Education, 1998 Source: Education at a Glance: OECD Indicators, 2000.

The Conference Board of Canada Unemployment Rates of University- Educated 25 – to – 29 Year-Olds in 1998 Source: Education at a Glance: OECD Indicators, 2000.

The Conference Board of Canada Total Expenditures on R&D as a Percentage of GDP Source: OECD, Main Science and Technology Indicators.

The Conference Board of Canada Researchers or University Graduates Performing R&D per 1,000 Labour Force Source: OECD, Main Science and Technology Indicators, 1999 : 2.

The Conference Board of Canada Boosting Your Performance & Potential is About Leadership Leaders can choose to make a positive difference in whether organizations prosper—they carry much of the burden.

The Conference Board of Canada FIVE Areas for Improvement Calling Leaders to Action

The Conference Board of Canada Education and developing a learning culture must be a higher priority 1 Calling Leaders to Action

The Conference Board of Canada CTA 1—Building Learning Culture l Firms must boost spending on training l Ensure every youth graduates from H.S. l Raise math and science skills l All schools must have access to the Net l Improve apprenticeship programs l Enhance business to work partnerships

The Conference Board of Canada Focus attention on Canada’s foreign investment performance 2 Calling Leaders to Action

The Conference Board of Canada Be more innovative 3 Calling Leaders to Action

The Conference Board of Canada CTA 3—Boosting Innovation l Tax policy must reward innovation l Firms must boost R&D spending l Companies must better assess competition l Better processes needed to assess projects l Education must boost innovation skills

The Conference Board of Canada Social policy must be sustainable 4 Calling Leaders to Action

The Conference Board of Canada Serious public debate about sustainability of the health care system 5 Calling Leaders to Action

The Conference Board of Canada Canada’s weakest driver... The need to boost our innovation capacity is challenging old ways. Organizations must be able to get additional economic value from knowledge if they are to prosper.

The Conference Board of Canada Innovation is about more than R&D, computers and AMTs. It’s also about leadership, management, incentives and a will to change.

The Conference Board of Canada Innovation is About Building a Learning Organization by l promoting idea generation l supporting the “idea to market” process l having values around innovation & people l building skills & flexibility among workers l organizing work as the work demands

The Conference Board of Canada Key findings from CBoC Research l Strong innovators perform better l Most large Canadian firms innovate to some extent l But only 2/3 innovate in all three areas (products, processes, organization) l 10-12% of revenue from new products l Not good enough

The Conference Board of Canada Price of $1 of R&D for Small Companies* Source: Jacek Warda, Rating R&D Tax Incentives, (Ottawa: CBoC, 1999). * “After-tax cost” is the net cost of spending $1 more on R&D-related activities.The lower the value of after-tax cost, the better is the ranking of the jurisdiction in the provision of R&D benefits. ** These jurisdictions have special R&D tax treatment for small companies.

The Conference Board of Canada Strong Innovators Outperform Weak Innovators Source: The Conference Board of Canada. Profitability Canadian market share Global market share Employment Sales

The Conference Board of Canada Strong Innovators Use More Tools for Idea Generation Source: The Conference Board of Canada. Use of competitor info Business environment scanning Idea generation Use of customer info R&D

The Conference Board of Canada Strong Innovators Use More Tools for Building Innovation Capacity Source: The Conference Board of Canada. Partnerships & alliances Organization & structure Recruitment & assignment T&D Adoption of outside tech

The Conference Board of Canada Strong innovators Have Stronger Project Management and Decision-making Capabilities Source: The Conference Board of Canada. Delegation of decision making Use of market analysis information Project selection & evaluation tools Cost-benefit analysis Involvement of all depts. From the beginning

The Conference Board of Canada Strong Innovators Are Better at Creating an Environment that Supports Innovation Source: The Conference Board of Canada. Vision development Change promoting Innovation Idea friendliness Rewards & promo policies

The Conference Board of Canada Canada Compared to 9 Others Rank 1981 Rank 1997 l R&D intensity79 l Industry-funded R&D 88 l Government outlays for R&D610 l Researchers in R&D68 l National patent applications 68 l External patent applications88 l Tech’gy bal’nc of payments64

The Conference Board of Canada Performance & Potential 1998 Building a learning culture is necessary to ensure that people can change fast enough. Acquiring the wrong skills, dropping out or having poor literacy skills will serve no one well in the 21st century.

The Conference Board of Canada Sources: The Conference Board of Canada; Statistics Canada. Total Public Spending on Education per Student aged 5—24 (real 1992 $)

The Conference Board of Canada High School Dropout Rates of the Population Aged 19 to 20, Canada and Provinces, 1995 to 1998 Source: Statistics Canada, Education and Indicators in Canada, 2000.

The Conference Board of Canada Document Literacy Skills (per cent by Literacy Level 1 to 5) Sources: The Conference Board of Canada; International Adult Literacy Survey Level 1,2 Level 3 Level 4, 5

The Conference Board of Canada Reality versus Perception (per cent among Level 1 and 2) Sources: The Conference Board of Canada; International Adult Literacy Survey.... but few believe they have a problem (self rating of job-related reading skills, low document literacy- skilled manufacturing workers)

The Conference Board of Canada Reality versus Perception (per cent of Level 1 and 2) Sources: The Conference Board of Canada; International Adult Literacy Survey... and even fewer believe that it matters (perceived impact of reading skills on job opportunities of poor document literacy-skilled workers)

The Conference Board of Canada Trying to Get and Keep Top Talent Most companies do not even know what talents their staff actually have... and the staff don’t know either.

The Conference Board of Canada Source: The World Competitiveness Yearbook, Companies Invest Sufficiently in In-Company Training (1 = Do Not; 10 = Do)

The Conference Board of Canada Employee Training a High Priority? (1=not a high priority, 10=a high priority) Source: The World Competitiveness Yearbook 2000.

The Conference Board of Canada Raising the Bar Educational Requirements for Employment Have Changed

The Conference Board of Canada Employment by Level of Education (Thousands of persons) Sources: Statistics Canada.

The Conference Board of Canada Employment in Sales Occupations (Thousands of persons) Sources: Statistics Canada.

The Conference Board of Canada Employment in Clerical Occupations (Thousands of persons) Sources: Statistics Canada.

The Conference Board of Canada Employment of Motor Vehicle and Transit Drivers (Thousands of persons) Sources: Statistics Canada.

The Conference Board of Canada Wanted: Skilled Workers The Upcoming Skills Shortage

The Conference Board of Canada Five-Year Average Compound Growth Rates in Source Population (per cent change) Sources: Statistics Canada; The Conference Board of Canada.

The Conference Board of Canada Proportion of Population Aged 65+ (per cent) Sources: Statistics Canada; The Conference Board of Canada.

The Conference Board of Canada Overall Labour Force Participation Rate (per cent) Sources: Statistics Canada; The Conference Board of Canada.

The Conference Board of Canada Five-Year Average Compound Growth Rates in Labour Force (per cent change) Sources: Statistics Canada; The Conference Board of Canada.

The Conference Board of Canada Statistically Significant Predictors of Recruitment Success 1. Augmenting student programs 2. Providing a learning environment (increased T&D expenditures) 3. Using anticipatory hiring practices 4. Seeking recruits from outside Canada 5. Involving employees in the recruitment process

The Conference Board of Canada Report Card on Leadership From Leadership for Tomorrow: Playing Catch-up with Change

The Conference Board of Canada Report on Leadership, 2001 Comparison of 1999 and 2001 Results % of respondents who ranked themselves as highly effective or strong (depending on scale)

The Conference Board of Canada Report on Leadership, 2001 Comparison of 1999 and 2001 Results % of respondents who ranked themselves as highly effective or strong (depending on scale)

The Conference Board of Canada Report on Leadership, 2001 Comparison of 1999 and 2001 Results % of respondents who ranked themselves as highly effective or strong (depending on scale)

The Conference Board of Canada Information for Sound Decisions Since 1954 The Conference Board of Canada Information for Sound Decisions Since 1954