Multi-Level Literacy Instruction For Inclusive Teaching MICHIGAN READING ASSOCIATION 2002 Multi-level Instruction Teaching Children with Vastly Different Abilities Together Well. Nancy Creech Michael Peterson Tanya Sharon

Why Multi-level Instruction? One level instruction doesn’t work grade levels in every class. Welcoming segregated students back to our classes as inclusive teachers Building on and expanding whole language theory and practice Building political alliances in an uncertain time

MANAGING DIFFERING ABILITY LEVELS in CLASSROOMS One size fits all Segregation Stable ability group Pull out / pull aside -- at the side or back of the class. Adapting curriculum. Individual adaptations of teaching approach or modification of expectations. Differentiated instruction. Multi-level teaching Learning activities allow children at different levels to learn together. Best

Students of very different abilities levels Students of very different abilities levels Learn at their own level of challenge Learn at their own level of challenge With support and guidance With support and guidance Through authentic learning activities Through authentic learning activities In heterogeneous groups In heterogeneous groups Without stable ability grouping Without stable ability grouping What is... Authentic Multi-level Instruction

1. 1.Authentic learning Multiple levels Scaffolding Higher order thinking Inclusive, heterogeneous grouping Integrated skill learning Focus on meaning and function. 8.Multi-modal. 9.Building on the strengths of children. 10.Fostering respect. 11.Student interests, choices, power, and voice. 12.Collaborative learning. 13.Reflection. 14.Growth and effort- based evaluation. PRINCIPLES OF AUTHENTIC, MULTI-LEVEL INSTRUCTION

GROUPING IN A MULTI-LEVEL CLASSROOM  Heterogeneous, inclusive grouping  Interests, friendships, self-selected ‘just right’ work  Ability grouping -- coping with the dangers No ongoing, stable ability groups Specific short-term skill needs -- mini- lessons Vary compositions often, daily Based on choice of children (shifting power)

Personal best and ‘just right’ work Individual student goals Reading and writing workshop. Individualized spelling lists. Partner reading / writing Authentic homework projects – eg. project on the hero of a family member. Publishing student work Personal museums Strategies for Authentic Multi-level Instruction Strategies for Authentic Multi-level Instruction 1. Individual learning activities with materials, resources, and expected output at different levels of ability

Thematic unit Workshop projects linking literacy, science, math, social studies – eg. studying local community – writing, interviewing, building model of historical community, making play. Dramatic play of reading / writing Whole class learning project – eg. class hatching chickens, studying and discussing their behavior, taking roles in their care. Collaborative exploration of topic of study. Strategies for Authentic Multi-level Instruction Strategies for Authentic Multi-level Instruction 2. Projects and activities that allow roles at differing levels of complexity and ability

Morning meeting & message Read aloud Choral reading Sharing chair Strategies for Authentic Multi-level Instruction Strategies for Authentic Multi-level Instruction 3. Whole group activities that allow processing & understanding with needed scaffolding at differing ability levels

Comprehension aids – story maps, webs, etc. Student experts Mini-lessons Student conferences Strategies for Authentic Multi-level Instruction Strategies for Authentic Multi-level Instruction 4. Structures that provide for specific skill development without stable ability grouping.

Strategies for Authentic Multi-level Instruction Strategies for Authentic Multi-level Instruction 5. Technology that expands the capacity of all learners. Internet. Graphics, word processors, more. Talking software. Voice command writing. Communication devices. Adapted computer input and output. Specialized switches. And more. A living laboratory on the interaction of technology and human capability.

Strategies for Authentic Multi-level Instruction Strategies for Authentic Multi-level Instruction 6. Assessment and evaluation that centers on teaching and learning. Competency assessments observations, performance and work sample assessments Portfolios Self-assessment Publishing student work Student-led conferences Multi-modal demonstrations of learning – story, illustration, skit, song, poem, etc. Focus on effort, goals, growth

AUTHENTIC MULTI-LEVEL INSTRUCTION Bringing excellence & equity, Ethnic and disability diversity, Academic learning & community... Together.

MEANING focus with skills imbedded Morning message Morning message Literacy centers Literacy centers Reading & writing workshop. Reading & writing workshop. Word and sound mini- lessons. Word and sound mini- lessons. Conferencing. Conferencing. Student-led conferences. Student-led conferences. SKILLS / FACTS focus Direct instruction -- phonemic awareness & phonics. Direct instruction -- phonemic awareness & phonics. Fill in blank worksheets. Fill in blank worksheets. Lecture, text, multiple choice tests Lecture, text, multiple choice tests Heterogeneous - Ability Grouping Instruction & Grouping

1. Design Teaching for Diverse Learners 3. Evaluate and Revise Teaching DESIGNING INSTRUCTION FOR DIVERSE LEARNERS 2. Adapt &And Modify Teaching

Examples of Authentic Multi-level Teaching

TEACHING STRATEGIES For Authentic Multi-level Teaching Integrative, thematic units Classroom workshop Authentic learning experiences Small group activities Representing to learn Reflective assessment.

Rubrics Rubrics Competency-based assessment Competency-based assessment Student self and peer assessment Student self and peer assessment Student-led conferences Student-led conferences Grading: Effort and growth Grading: Effort and growth E VALUATION & A SSESSMENT

Building Community to Learn Morning greeting and meeting Classroom meetings Student experts Jobs for all Mini-lessons Collaborative learning Peer buddies Circle of friends Community building games Teach and model respect for differences

E mpower citizens in a democracy I nclude all : all children learn in regular classes together across culture, ethnicity, language, ability, sex, & age. A uthentic, multi-level instruction : teach connected to real, meaningful activities at multiple levels of ability. B uild community & support learning : build community and mutual support in the classroom and school. Use specialized resources (special education, Title I) to support students, parents, and teachers. P artner : build real collaboration within the school and with families & community Whole Schooling FIVE PRINCIPLES for School Renewal Macarthur Elementary