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2 Islamic World Contribution to Scientific Publication in WOS during By: Marzieh Goltaji Member of Islamic World Science Citation Center (ISC)

3 3 Introduction  According to the dissemination of subject fields of science, one country alone can not invest in all fields.  The quantity and the growth of scientific publications in a special subject category can represent a country's strength in that field.

4  The indicators of ISI as a framework to evaluate the scientific publications are applied in large scale by scientometric specialists in many countries.  Investigating the status of art in scientific publications of Islamic countries during , we will be able to identify strengths and weaknesses and remove deficiencies.

5  The number of indexed scientific products and the number of citations are considered as the most important indicators for evaluating the scientific products of each country.

6 The Organization of the Islamic Conference (OIC) is the second largest inter-governmental organization after the United Nations which has membership of 57 countries spread over four continents. Research population

7 Ranking of the Islamic countries based on the number of their publications

8 8 rankcountryNumber of Publicationsrankcountry Number of Publications 1Turkey Cote Ivoire592 2Iran Benin533 3Egypt Mali454 4Malaysia Guinea418 5Pakistan Bahrain409 6Tunisia728534Libya386 7Nigeria663735Mozambique341 8 Saudi Arabia641936Gambia310 9Algeria434137Gabon301 10Morocco418538Albania297 11Jordan306339Yemen259 12Indonesia289040Niger234 13Bangladesh273041Kyrgyzstan U Arab Emirates271542Brunei169 15Lebanon245643Tajikistan149 16Kuwait221344Togo138 17Uganda172745Afghanistan85 18Cameroon Guinea Bissau78 19Uzbekistan115247Guyana65 20Oman111948Mauritania58 21Azerbaijan98849Chad47 22Senegal87950 Sierra Leone46 23Kazakhstan85751Maldives19 24Iraq74952Turkmenistan17 25Qatar74553Comoros11 26Syria68654Djibouti11 27Burkina Faso68355Somalia5 28Sudan680

9 Ranking of the Islamic countries based on the number of their publications 53 %

10 Growth rate of Islamic countries during

11 The average annual growth for scientific publications Negative Guyana Guinea Bissau Tajikistan Comoros Togo Maldives

12 The average annual growth for scientific publications

13 Turkey Ranked based on their publications Iran Egypt Malaysia Pakistan The average annual growth for scientific publications

14 Ranking of the Islamic countries based on the number of times cited

15 rank countryTimes citedrankcountryTimes Cited 1Turkey Mali1230 2Iran Syria1187 3Egypt Benin1119 4Pakistan Kazakhstan1008 5Malaysia Azerbaijan1001 6Tunisia Gabon974 7 Saudi Arabia958835Iraq910 8Nigeria778836Niger692 9Indonesia697737Bahrain491 10Algeria641138Libya436 11Morocco601139Guinea Bissau422 12Bangladesh564040Yemen410 13Uganda531141Brunei405 14U Arab Emirates502242Albania354 15Lebanon489743Kyrgyzstan260 16Jordan461544Togo184 17Gambia382945Chad162 18Kuwait348646Tajikistan148 19Cameroon326247Afghanistan138 20Senegal200748Guyana114 21Uzbekistan199249Maldives75 22Burkina Faso186950Mauritania74 23Oman171751Comoros60 24Cote Ivoire156952Sierra Leone55 25Qatar154553Djibouti34 26Guinea146154Turkmenistan20 27Sudan135455Somalia2 28Mozambique1309

16 Ranking of the Islamic countries based on the number of Times Cited 52 %

17 Distribution of Islamic Countries' scientific publications in 22 subject fields

18  Findings indicate that: only in 2 subject fields all Islamic countries had publications: Clinical medicine and Plant & animal Science.  Among the population of this research 32 countries had publications in all fields.

19  In All fields Turkey was in the first place except in 2 fields: Chemistry and Mathematics which Iran had better performance.  Egypt was in the third place in approximately half of the fields, but in other fields some other countries allocated this place to themselves.

20  Malaysia in Computer Science and Environment/Ecology and Multidisciplinary was in the third place, this country allocated the second place to itself for Economic and business.

21  Nigeria in Microbiology and Multidisciplinary was in the second place among other Islamic countries.  Uganda in Immunology and Nigeria in Agriculture sciences, Psychiatry/Psychology and Social Sciences, General were ranked in the third place.

22 Top countries in some detailed subject categories (sub-fields)  Turkey and Iran had the best performance in most of subject areas.  Some other countries had functioned pretty well in some few subject categories and they outran other Islamic countries.  In Biodiversity Conservation Indonesia and Malaysia have functioned the best.

23  In Ornithology Algeria and Nigeria allocated the top positions to themselves.  In “Hematology”, Lebanon and Saudi Arabia were ranked fourth and fifth, and were placed before Malaysia.

24  The 6th place in “Material science, Multidisciplinary” was allocated to Tunisia after Turkey, Iran, Egypt, Malaysia and Algeria.  Bangladesh allocated the fourth place to itself in “Public, Environmental & Occupational Health”; in this subject, Iran, Nigeria and Turkey were the best.

25 Correlation between Islamic countries' publications and their GDP The value of correlation was which was significant. It shows there is a strong correlation between them that indicates countries with high GDP have more scientific publications.

26 Conclusion As Findings show all Islamic countries are not performing the same in different subject fields, if we know each country in which fields is stronger than others we can plan to collaborate in order to improve our country.

27  Only 4.25% portion of total scientific publications belong to Islamic countries during  Although Turkey and Iran have the best performance among other Islamic countries, their portion among the total scientific publications of the world during the mentioned years is negligible.

28 The importance of the assessment and evaluation of scientific publications  Represents the status of scientific activities,  It can be the useful and efficient element for program management  Identifying strengths and weaknesses that help planning for further research in order to fill the gaps and compensate weak points.

29 Suggestions  Increase of research and development budget along with its optimum use and planning properly have resulted in more publications.  Recognizing the best countries in subject areas and having collaboration with them would cause an increase in the number of publications as well as improving countries in all subject areas.

30 The Necessity of Establishing Islamic World Science Citation Center (ISC)  Those scientific publications in different countries that publish in national language have less chance to be evaluated based on bibliometric indicators in this database.

31  However, for the assessment of research activities or for science policy making from a national or OIC region perspective, ISI and Scopus can not be sufficient. We need our own citation databases with a good coverage of the Islamic countries' journals with no language bias.

32  Islamic World Science Citation Center (ISC) is constructed to give an opportunity to Islamic world countries to evaluate their publications based on those indicators.

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