Spence, Information Visualization, 2 nd Edition, © Pearson Education Limited 2007 Slide 1.1 Figure 1.1 A redrawn version of Minard’s map showing some data more clearly than in the original Source: © John Schneider

Spence, Information Visualization, 2 nd Edition, © Pearson Education Limited 2007 Slide 1.2 Figure 1.2 Florence Nightingale’s diagram showing the dramatic reduction in death rates in the hospitals of Scutari following the changes she introduced Source: Nightingale (1858)

Spence, Information Visualization, 2 nd Edition, © Pearson Education Limited 2007 Slide 1.3 Figure 1.3 Part of John Snow’s original map in which each death from cholera is indicated by a black bar. The dotted line encloses the area that was closer to the Broad street pump (in walking distance) than to any other street pump Source: Cholera Inquiry Committee, St. James parish. Report on the cholera outbreak in the parish of St. James, Westminster, during the autumn of London, J Churchill, Map 3. Thanks: Brock Craft

Spence, Information Visualization, 2 nd Edition, © Pearson Education Limited 2007 Slide 1.4 Figure 1.4 The John Snow pub in Broadwick Street, London Source: Nightingale (1858)

Spence, Information Visualization, 2 nd Edition, © Pearson Education Limited 2007 Slide 1.5 Figure 1.5 Harry Beck, creator of the famous London Underground map Source: Ken Garland

Spence, Information Visualization, 2 nd Edition, © Pearson Education Limited 2007 Slide 1.6 Figure 1.6 The process of information visualization. Graphically encoded data is viewed in order to form a mental model of that data

Spence, Information Visualization, 2 nd Edition, © Pearson Education Limited 2007 Slide 1.7 (a) Figure 1.7(a) A table associated with the exploration of potentially useful drugs may involve many rows corresponding to compounds and fourteen columns associated with specific properties. Gaining insight into such a table is difficult

Spence, Information Visualization, 2 nd Edition, © Pearson Education Limited 2007 Slide 1.8 (b) Figure 1.7(b) The visual encoding of the table data can enhance understanding. In this example a property ‘ID’ is plotted against ‘Assay1’. Colour and shape both encode the passing or failure of a purification test, and size encodes molecular weight. Identification of one compound reveals its molecular structure Source: Courtesy of Spotfire Inc.

Spence, Information Visualization, 2 nd Edition, © Pearson Education Limited 2007 Slide 1.9 Figure 1.8 An example of a simple rearrangement of the representation of data that can lead to insight Source: Courtesy of Bob Waddington

Spence, Information Visualization, 2 nd Edition, © Pearson Education Limited 2007 Slide 1.10 Figure 1.9 Circle size encodes the influence of components on the performance of a circuit

Spence, Information Visualization, 2 nd Edition, © Pearson Education Limited 2007 Slide 1.11 Figure 1.10 An interface permitting dynamic exploration of the effect of a component value on a circuit property

Spence, Information Visualization, 2 nd Edition, © Pearson Education Limited 2007 Slide 1.12 Figure 1.11 A map showing the states of California and Nevada and the cities of Los Angeles and Reno, to illustrate the concept of ‘cognitive collage’

Spence, Information Visualization, 2 nd Edition, © Pearson Education Limited 2007 Slide 1.13 Figure 1.12 Reconstruction from X-ray CT showing distance to bone (colour map on skin surface) of the Texas horned lizard and the Mexican horned lizard Source: DigiMorph.org; Courtesy Dr. Wendy Hodges and Dr. Timothy Rowe

Spence, Information Visualization, 2 nd Edition, © Pearson Education Limited 2007 Slide 1.14 Figure 1.13 Incidence of the surname Spence by region of England, Scotland and Wales, in 1881 and