Unit 5: Imperialism and Nationalism By: Abdul Osman Unit 5: Imperialism and Nationalism

South Africa The first substantial European colony in sub-Saharan Africa was formed in Cape of Good Hope Displacement of KhoiKhoi people Great march; Dutch people unhappy with new customs; Boers Once Suez canal was constructed, the importance of South Africa diminished Later after gold was found again, interest in the area was rekindled and the Boers and Brits had a full-scale war over the newly found wealth

egypt Europeans invaded Egypt in 1798; Napoleon in 1798, British in 1801, following Ottomans in 1807 Muhammad Ali introduced new industries and concentrated on cultivation of cotton as a cash crop Built extensive new irrigation works Kept economic modernization in the hands of the sate rather than private entrepreneurs Modernized the military and army and captured Sudan in 1830 Modernization brought mixed results; Egypt entered the international economy; ended up spending more then receiving. Egyptian military revolt seized power; Britain sent forces to protect Suez Canal; stayed in power until 1950’s

algeria Under ottoman rule Profited from piracy Invaded by France to suppress pirating. Political control over Algeria was fragmented after entanglement between the governments French found themselves in a war between regional leaders Resistance grew and modernized its army French won warfare in 1841 and invaded Morocco to stop reinforcements After fighting, tens of thousands of[Europeans came to settle in Algeria After change of government in France in 1870, Algeria was annexed to France War for independence in 1962 provided to be costly

West africa Europeans and Africans working together created two new responses to the abolition of the slave trade and slavery by establishing two colonies as refuges for freed slaves, and they began to found businesses mostly based on tropical agricultural products to replace slave trading in the export economy. Sierra Leone was founded in 1787 and was haven for freed slaves In 1808 Britain made it a colony and promoted Christianity and western culture among the people Received a charter from the United states government in 1816 to found a site on the coast for the repatriation of freed American slaves Overseas slave trade ended in north Atlantic, Europeans and Africans sought new export communities. River transport by ship developed along with relatively short stretches of railroads to connect river systems or to stretch short distances Afro-Europeans did well in business, education, and loc