Animal Tissues الانسجة الحيوانية

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Presentation transcript:

Animal Tissues الانسجة الحيوانية

Categories of Tissues Epitheliumطلائية Connective ضامه Muscle عضلية Nervous عصبية

Epithelium Linesيبطن , covers يغطي , and protects يحمي other tissues and organs الاعضاء والانسجة الاخري. Characterized byيتميز بـ : Cells tightly junked together الخلايا قريبة على بعضها The presence of a cell secretion called the basement membrane. غشاء قاعدي Named by: Cell shape شكل الخلايا Other characteristics of the cells. خصائص الخلايا Squamous حرشفي , Cuboidalمكعب , and Columnar عمودي

Squamous Epitheliumطلائي حرشفي Cells very thinصغيرة , Simple Squamous Epitheliumطلائي حرشفي بسيط Air sacs of respiratory اكياس الهواء في الجهاز التنفسي Lining of blood vesselsبطانة الاوعية الدموية , heart and lymphatic tubesانابيب القلب واللمف Stratified Squamous Epithelium طلائي حرشفي عديد الطبقات Skinالجلد Vagina مهبل الانثى Esophagusالمريء Mouth الفم

Examples of Simple Squamous Epithelium

Stratified Squamous Epithelium

Cuboidal Epitheliumطلائي مكعب Cells cube shaped-خلايا مكعبة الشكل Present inموجود فـ 1. Kidney tubulesانابيب الكلية 2. Duct and small glandsالقنوات والغدد الصغيرة 3. Surface of ovary سطح المبيض

Columnar Epitheliumطلائي عمودي Elongated cellsخلايا مستطيلة , much longer than they are wideطول الخلية اكبر من عرضها . Simple Columnar Epitheliumطلائي عمودي بسيط A single layer of cells that line the digestive tract, gallbladder and excretory ducts of some glands. Pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium Lines the bronchi, trachea, uterine tubes and some of the uterus. Propels mucus or reproductive cells by ciliary action.

Simple Columnar epithelium

Pseudostratified Ciliated Columnar Epithelium

Connective Tissueالنسيج الضام Characterized by the cells widely separated from each other in a matrix that is produced by the cells.الخلايا تكون معزولة عن بعضها من خلال مادة بينية تنتجها الخلايا نفسها Tissue protects and supportsحماية وتدعيم للأنسجة الاخرى . Cell Matrix composed of two regions Ground Liquid (sol), Gel, Gum or solid Fibers Non-elastic (= white or Collagen) Elastic (= yellow fibers) Types of Connective tissueانواع النسيج الضام

Types of Connective Tissue Loose (Areolar) Connective Tissueهوائي Dense Connective Tissue Adiposeدهني Cartilageغضروفي Boneعظمي Bloodالدم

Loose Connective Tissue (Areolar) Gel like ground with both elastic and non-elastic fibers running though the ground in many directions. Wraps organs Under the skin

Dense Regular Connective Tissue Nuclei and fibers arranged in parallel rows. Tendons and ligamentsالاوتار والأربطة Fibers mostly non-elastic

Adipose (Fat) Function as storage cells for adipose (lipids) Adipose cells contain a large vacuole which in the live cell contains lipids. Cell nucleus and cytoplasm are pushed out to edge of cell membrane.

Cartilageالغضروف Ground of matrix is gum like. Cells are found in Lacunaeمحافظ within the matrix. Fibers may be elastic or non-elastic, or a form of non-elastic called reticularشبكي(where the non-elastic fibers of very thin) Hyaline Cartilageغضروف زجاجي -example on the ends of bones Elastic Cartilageغضروف مرن - example ear cartilage Non-elastic Cartilageغير مرن - example nose cartilage.

Hyaline cartilage

Elastic Cartilage

Bone Ground of matrix is Solid (Calcium carbonate). Has blood supply and nerves running through the Haversian canal systems.

Vascular Tissue (Blood)النسيج الضام الوعائي (الدم) Liquid matrix = plasma 90% water 10%Plasma proteins, electrolytes, hormones, oxygen, glucose etc. Formed elements Erythrocytes -48billion(female) to 54 billion (male) cell / ml of blood in humans. Mammals are enucleated while rest of the vertebrates they have nuclei Leukocytes -about 7.5 million / ml of blood Platelets -blood clotting

Blood

Muscle Tissue Tissue with cells having fibers specialized for contraction. Skeletal Muscle (Striated, voluntary) Parallel elongated cells (fibers) multinucleated and each cell is the length of the muscle. Light meat, Dark meat—Slow twitch, fast twitch muscle Smooth Muscle (Visceral, involuntary) Cells are long and tapered. Organized into sheets of muscle. Cardiac Muscle Intercalated disc Myogenic branched

Skeletal Muscle

Smooth Muscle

Cardiac Muscle

Nervous Tissue Cells specialized to polarize and depolarize. Cell is a neuron

End of Tissue presentation