Reproduction

Terminology Gamete Gonads Copulate Ejaculation Gestation Parturition Ovum Sperm Gonads Ovaries Testes Copulate Ejaculation Gestation Parturition Intromission

Female Organs Vulva Cervix (neck) Uterus Vagina Labia (lips) Vestibular glands Clitoris Cervix (neck) Uterus Body Uterine horns (fallopian tubes, oviduct) Ovaries

Female Organs Broad ligaments Suspensory ligaments Follicle Corpus Luteum (CL) Caruncles Cotyledon Placenta-

Copulation Induced Ovulators “Tie” Typical breeding  

Hormones/Estrous Cycle Proestrus FSH increase (Follicle stimulating hormone) B. Estrogen Estrus FSH and Estrogen decreases LH increase (Luteinizing hormone) Metestrus Diestrus Progesterone increases Anestrus

Reproductive Table Species Estrus Duration/Frequency Gestation Dog Cat 9 days/4-9 months 63 days Cat Induced ovulator Horse 5-6 days/ Spring-Fall monthly 11 months Cows 18 hours/Spring – Fall monthly 9 months Sheep 24-36 hours/Spring – Fall monthly 5 months Goats 24-36 hours/ Spring – Fall monthly Pigs 48-72 hours/ Spring – Fall monthly 3 months, 3 weeks, 3 days Rabbits 32 days Guinea Pigs 1-6 hours/ 15-17 days Ferrets March-September 44 days Chinchillas   111 days Rats/Mice 14 hours/4-5 days 21 days Hamsters 14 hours/4-6 days 16 days Gerbils 22-24 days Llamas/Alpacas Sugar Gliders 2 days/28 days 16 days prior to fetal migration

Male Organs Scrotum (scrotal sac) Testes (Testicles) Spermatic cord Seminiferous Tubules Epididymis Vaginal Tunic Cremaster muscle Spermatic cord Vas Deferens Seminal Vesicles

Male Organs Prostate Gland Bulbourethral gland Urethra Penis Sigmoid Flexure Os penis Prepuce Bulb of the glans

Semen Analysis Spermatozoa To determine fertility Head Midpiece Tail Count Motility Shape

Semen Collection Electroejaculator Manual stimulation Mount a dummy Redirection from a receptive female

Vocabulary Flehmen Vaginitis Amniotic fluid Mammary Lactation Dystocia Orifice Embryo Orchidectomy Cryptorchid Prostatis Epididymitis Castration Ovarian hysterectomy

Pathological Conditions Adenocarcinoma of the prostate Testicular carcinoma Trichomoniasis Testicular degeneration Broken penis Teaser Bulls Bean Eclampsia

Pathological Conditions Pyometra Metritis Uterine prolapsed Uterine torsion Windsucker Caslicks surgery Retained placenta Hermaphrodite Freemartin Pseudopregnancy