Demersal Longline Fishing Procedures & Gear Trinidad longliner, 2005, FAO Fisheries Technical Paper. No

Introduction  Demersal longlining is global Copyright © Michael Pidwirny

Objectives  Define demersal longlining & describe 1 potential impact  Describe 3 components of demersal longline gear  List 2 types of specialized equipment you may encounter  Demonstrate ability to complete the Gear Description form

What is demersal longlining?  Hook & line gear – uses bait to attract fish in on or near bottom  Usually on continental shelf or slope Schoolmeester & Baker 2009

What is demersal longlining?  Hook & line gear – uses bait to attract fish on or near bottom  Usually on continental shelf & slope  Primary targets: gadiiformes, sharks Cohen et al. 1990; FAO via

What is demersal longlining?  Hook & line gear – uses bait to attract fish on or near bottom  Usually on continental shelf & slope  Primary targets: gadoids, sharks  Bait = fish or squid depending on target

What is demersal longlining?  Hook & line gear – uses bait to attract fish on or near bottom  Usually on continental shelf & slope  Primary targets: gadoids, sharks  Bait = fish or squid depending on target  Fishery impacts – bycatch of seabirds, sharks, coral Nicolas Gasco F. Arocha Red snapper – west-central-general-info/6-month-grouper- closier-2011 Lophelia II 2009: Deepwater Coral Expedition: Reefs, Rigs, and Wrecks

Data collection priorities 1. Estimate effort for each gear deployment; 2. Identify every individual caught in subsample and estimate percent retained; 3. Collect biological information on target and other identified species as requested; 4. Record all sightings and interactions with marine mammals and sea turtles; 5. Record vessel and fishing gear characteristics.

How is gear fished?  Strategies /deepreefimages.html

How is gear fished?  Strategies  Deployment (videos)

How is gear fished?  Strategies  Deployment  Retrieval Andy Murch, B. Richardson 2005 SEASWAP John Bennett -

Gear components - overview Single line Double line

Gear components - groundline Polyester longline; Monofilament longline;

Gear components - gangion Drawing modified from Hanrahan et al Photo: K. Dietrich 2010

Snap (clip; Swivels (Beverly 2009)

Gear components - hooks

Gear – setting devices  Autobiater – Autoline system  Setting tube toline.htm

Gear components – gear markers Drawing modified from Hanrahan et al. 1997

Lead sphere ; Concrete cylinders, Chilean longliner, K. Dietrich 2010 B. Richardson 2005

Gear – hauling devices  Line hauler  Groundline drum

Gear – seabird mitigation Photo: Washington Sea Grant Davit / tori pole Australia Department of Agriculture, Fisheries & Forestry

Gear – seabird mitigation Streamer curtain Water cannon Drawings: BirdLife International - Bycatch Mitigation Fact Sheet 12

Gear Description Form

 Questions about gear or the gear form?  Practice exercise Groups of minutes to complete Gear Description Form Break – 10 minutes Discuss exercise

Gear Description Form Z007SLE silver/gray Manline 2 n/a 1 Mustadcircle 16 / 0 stainless 0

Gear Description Form Rocks 5.25 x x

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Occasionally deployed a single streamer. Streamer consisted of 50m of 3- strand blue polypropylene line with packing straps inserted every 2 m. A small float (.3m diameter) was attached to the terminal end.

Summary  Describe the difference between demersal & semi-pelagic longlining  What are the potential impacts of this fishery?  Describe 3 components of demersal longline gear  List 2 types of specialized equipment you may encounter on demersal longline vessels

References  Beverly, S Longline terminal gear Identification guide - Draft. Submitted to the Western and Central Pacific Fisheries Commission, Scientific Committee, Fifth Regular Session, August 2009, Port Vila, Vanuatu, WCPFC-SC5-2009/FT-IP-01, Secretariat of the Pacific Community, Marine Resources Division, Coastal Fisheries Programme, Noumea Cedex, New Caledonia.  BirdLife International Bycatch Mitigation Fact Sheet 11 (Version 1)  BirdLife International Bycatch Mitigation Fact Sheet 12 (Version 1)  Cohen, D.M., T. Inada, T. Iwamoto and N. Scialabba 1990 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 10. Gadiform fishes of the world (Order Gadiformes). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of cods, hakes, grenadiers and other gadiform fishes known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 10 (125). 442 p.  Hanrahan, J., D. J. Melindy, and J. V. Pelrine At-sea Observer Program Operations Manual: A Training Aid and Field Reference. National At-sea Fisheries Observer Program, Department of Fisheries and Oceans, Ottawa, Canada.  Michael Pidwirny & Scott Jones Fundamentals of Physical Geography (2 nd Edition) (e- book). University of British Columbia Okanagan.  Schoolmeester, Tina and Elaine Baker (eds) Continental Shelf: The Last Maritime Zone. UNEP/GRID-Arendal, Norway.  Tietze, U.; Thiele, W.; Lasch, R.; Thomsen, B; Rihan, D. Economic performance and fishing efficiency of marine capture fisheries. FAO Fisheries Technical Paper. No Rome, FAO p.

Misc photos Cuban longline vessel: FAO Western Central Atlantic Fishery Commission. 2002