Political Reform Political Machines –Run by party bosses Ex: “Boss Tweed” and Tammany Hall, NYC

Political Machines Negatives What is bad about them? Positives What is good about them?

Cartoonist Thomas Nast

Tammany hall lives on….

Political Reforms ________________ ballot Direct ___________ Political ____________ instead of caucus Recall, Initiative, Referendum

California Hiram Johnson –Governor –US Senator

California Progressive successes –Limits power of Southern pacific Railroad –Referendum, initiative, recall –Women’s suffrage 1911 –Accounting reforms –Workmen’s Compensation laws –Parks

California Progressive reforms and failures –Vice laws –Hetch-Hetchy –Temperance –Alien Land Act –Failure to provide relief for labor violence

African-Americans AccomodationActivism

National Progressive Politics Issues –The Trusts –Protecting Workers and consumers –The Environment –The Banks –Taxes and Tariffs –Political Corruption –Temperance –Women’s Suffrage