Late 1800s & Early 1900s United States! Reforming (changing) the U.S. Cities were crowded, leaders were unethical, and people were not enjoying the quality of life they deserved.

Think of P-R-O-G-R-E-S-S All sorts of people experienced progress during the Progressive Movement

1. Muckrakers “dug up the dirt” on problems and exposed their findings to the public…usually in writing 2. Political leaders made positive changes

 Dirty, pollution, disease  Crime  Corrupt leaders  Poor sanitation and water  Slums, tenements  Dangerous Living Conditions

o Building Codes improved living conditions o Garbage Collect, Water systems improved sanitation and cleaned up the cities o Fire Department o Street Lights o Zoning Laws moved factories away from apartments

 Jane Addams & Hull House  Settlement Houses  Salvation Army  YMHA, YMCA

City Center City Center Slums Tenements Factories Suburbs Rural Countryside

Problem / Issue Life in slums and tenements Temperance Movement (ban alcohol because of abuse) Food Packing Industry’s unsanitary conditions Reforming City Government s -Bosses ruled cities Power of Big Business Individual Jacob Riis Carry Nation Upton Sinclair Thomas Nast Ida Tarbell Actions taken to bring about reform “How the Other Half Lives” – book & photos Destroyed alcohol with a hatchet Wrote The Jungle, exposed poor conditions Political cartoons showed corruption Wrote about Standard Oil bad business practices Results Improved conditions of tenements 18 th Amendment (outlaws sale of alcohol) Meat Inspection Act 1906, Pure Food and Drug Act Bosses Jailed U.S. Gov’t started to “bust up” monopolies

President Roosevelt had to clean up the meat scandal by creating the Meat Inspection Act and Pure Food and Drug Act in 1906

Trustbuster! Trustbuster! Environmental Conservation Environmental Conservation Supported workers Supported workers Food/Drug Laws Food/Drug Laws

NAACP –National Association for the Advancement of Colored People – organization created to monitor and protect the rights of African Americans Square Deal – Pres. Theodore Roosevelt’s idea that everyone should have an opportunity to succeed – regardless of wealth

Interstate Commerce Act – regulated business practices that crossed state lines *more successful than the Sherman Antitrust Act Federal Trade Commission – investigated businesses suspected of using unfair practices

19 th Amendment – Women’s Suffrage 18 th Amendment – Ban on Alcohol 16 th Amendment – Income tax based on salary salary Take-down of political bosses (Tweed) Civil Service Commission – hires by merit rather than connections National Parks Food & Drug Laws

The rest of the slides are practice vocabulary. Quiz yourself!

18 th Amendment

1919- Made the manufacture and sale of alcoholic beverages illegal.

Temperance Movement

People who organized in order to create a ban on alcohol. -Carry Nation -Francis Willard -Women’s Christian Temperance Union

19 th Amendment

1920- Guaranteed the right to vote regardless of sex (women can vote)

JaneAddams

Founder of Hull House in Chicago, a settlement house for the poor.

Reform

To change or improve

Progressives

Nickname for people who worked for change during the Progressive Movement

Urbanization

The movement of people from rural areas (like the country) to cities

SettlementHouse

Building in a poor or ethnic neighborhood that offered services, education, and activities.

Hull House

Settlement House in Chicago opened by Jane Addams

Civil Service Reform

Changed in gov’t hiring process that focused on merit rather than connections.

Muckraker

Journalists who tried to improve society through their investigative reporting and photography. Exposed health conditions, corruption in government, and social problems.

Conservation

The preservation of natural resources

The Jungle

Book by Upton Sinclair which exposed the abuses of the meat packing industry

Meat Inspection Act

1906 Law passed as a result of Upton Sinclair’s novel, The Jungle. Authorized the inspection of all meat products shipped in interstate commerce (from state to state)

NAACP

National Association for the Advancement of Colored People

Progressive Movement

Time of reform, generally centered in urban areas.

Prohibition

The ban on alcoholic beverages in the U.S. after the 18 th Amendment

Pure Food and Drug Act

1906 Law- Forbidding the manufacture and sale of dishonestly labeled product: All products must have ingredients listed

Sherman Antitrust Act

1890 Law – Prohibited monopolies

Interstate Commerce Act

Law that monitored railroads in order to restrict unfair business practices

SocialActivist

Individuals who protest and defend individual rights. Ex. Jane Addams

SquareDeal

President Theodore Roosevelt’s idea that all people should have an opportunity to succeed in the U.S.

Tenement

Overcrowded apartment building in a city slum

Suffrage

The right to vote