Ch The Clash of Power Germany & Italy Bell Work: In 3 Sentences Describe the Magna Carta

Chapter 10.5 Germany & Italy Read Chapter 10.5 Cornell Notes 2 facts per Subsection DQ 10.5 Review Questions

Division of Power

German Rule Holy Roman leaders wanted to rule both Germany and Italy. Frederick I planned to get revenues from Italy. Frederick II wanted to establish a strong central government in Italy. Northern Italy resisted rule which led to wars that Germany lost. This made German Monarchy weak and incapable of Monarchial state. German Holy Roman Empire had no real power in Germany or Italy. Germany consisted of many small independent states with no central power.

Innocent III and Europe Claimed power over all European Kings. Called for the 4 th Crusade on attacking Constantinople. Revised Canon Law. First Lutheran council 1215 Cannon 69 no Jews in office Used interdict compel local princes to follow canon law. Established the Franciscan order with St Francis of Assisi. (11)

Papal Bull Papal Authority: Letter to the prefect Acerbius and the nobles of Tuscany, 1198, Just as the founder of the universe established two great lights in the firmament of heaven, the greater light to rule the day and the lesser light to rule the night, so too He set two great dignities in the firmament of the universal church..., the greater on to rule the day, that is, souls, and the lesser to rule the night, that is, bodies. These dignities are the papal authority and the royal power. Now just as the moon derives its light from the sun and is indeed lower than it in quantity and quality, in position and in power, so too the royal power derives the splendor of its dignity from the pontifical authority.....[13]

Ch.10.5 Review Questions 1.How did Pope Gregory VII expand the power of the Church? 2.What was the controversy surrounding the practice of "lay investiture?" 3.Why did the Holy Roman Emperor, Henry IV, refuse to accept the decrees of the pope? 4.What happened at the "showdown at Canossa?" 5.What was settled at the Concordat of Worms? 6.Why does the relationship between Pope Gregory VII and King Henry IV illustrate the growing struggle between secular and religious leaders that was growing during the High Middle Ages? 7.What other issues further increased the tensions between medieval popes and medieval kings? 8.Explain why the papacy of Innocent III was especially important for Europe.